They can be roadside bombs , radio fired mines and remote controlled explosives . Physical protection and tactical conduct of operation are the best countermeasures against IEDs . Armor technologies are effective in countering IEDs . They consist of steel and aluminum armor . Ballistic liners are effective against radio controlled IEDs . They can absorb melted metal spall generated during penetration of main armor . Electronic jamming systems have also been designed and mounted on military vehicles . They use low power radio frequency energy to block...











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