theroretical perspectives

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Theoretical Perspectives

Education is the manifestation of the perfection in man . Education lies at the very root of progress itself . Human societies of the world , all of them , cannot belong to the same standard , and the elevation of one depends upon the volume of its highly educated and enlightened population . Various social factors influence the higher education system . Thus analysis of the higher education system with theoretical perspectives is necessary for the progress of a nation

One form of macro-level theoretical perspective

is Structural functionalism . Another term for Structural functionalism is social systems paradigm . Structural functionalism can be defined as a type of sociological model . This model specifies all social functions performed by the various rudiments of social system . The structural functional theory views society as a composite organization having various parts which interact with each other to perform all necessary functions of society . According to the perspective all parts of a society function in consensus . They share norms , beliefs , values and attitudes . The structural functional perspective views change as disruptive . According to this perspective gradual change in society distorts the social structure . The structural functional perspective is a type of macro sociology and deals with the entire human society as a whole . It analyses social structures and social systems

By viewing with Structural-Functional perspective it can be observed that the higher education in U .S is a complete well organized system . It several academic departments cover a wide range of subjects . Numerous universities and colleges spreading all over the nation provide higher education to millions of students

Social conflict is another form of macro-level theoretical perspective and is a significant feature of social power . It can be defined as confrontation or conflict between social powers . Social conflict can be categorized into several types depending on the nature of conflict . The types of social conflicts are as such , mezalians , position conflict role conflict , interest conflict , etc (Lamb , 2004

Social Conflict is basically a social theory . Most prominent among various theories is the Social Conflict theory based on Marxian analysis . Marxian analysis of society describes that misuse of social power is the main cause behind the rise of Social Conflict . According to Marxists both non-material and material resources exist in society . In other words people in a society can be classified in two groups or social classes namely have-nots and haves . Have-nots consist of the poor deprived people of society . These people are basically daily wage earning workers . Where as the haves consist of the wealthy and resource full people of society . Social power resides in the hands of these people . These people use their power to exploit the poor and weaker classes of the society . The low income people are given the lowest position in society they are deprived of their basic rights and are exploited . Marxists explain that the people in power exploit the poor through methods like economics and brute force . Some social conflict theories state that the mechanism behind all social...