social theory

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br 5 match (internet http /www .sozialistische-klassiker .org /Marx /marxe02 .pdf br 5 match (internet

from 09 /25 /07 (9-25-07 ) http /en .wikipedia .org /wiki /Historical_materialism br 3 match (internet from 12 /31 /06 (12-31-06 ) http /roebuckclasses .com /people /thinkers /marx .htm br 2 match (internet from 09 /03 /05 (9-3-05 ) http /en .internationalism .org /icconline /barikad br 2 match (internet http /www .revolutionarydemocracy .org br 2 match (internet from 10 /12 /06 (10-12-06 ) http /www .lisamoreno .com /Marx .htm br 2 match (internet http /marx .org /archive /marx /works /subject /hist-mat /index .htm br 1 match (internet from 03 /07 /06 (3-7-06 ) http /lig1 .tripod .com /proeflees /ce-part2_07-19 .pdf br 1 match (internet from 00 /00 /00 http /boston .marxists .org br 1 match (internet from 06 /19 /03 (6-19-03 ) http /www .oneparty .co .uk /html /korea2 .html Running Head : Social theorySocial theory Authors Name Institution Name Outline : Communist revolution is the utmost stage in the class struggle of the working class , an influential and sole means of abolishing capitalism and winning political power . Communist revolution took place when the class struggle of the working class against the bourgeoisie in the capitalist countries is waged at a new stage of capitalism 's general crisis where the world communist system is turning into the significant factor of world development . This situation has now become more positive for the working-class movement due to the achievements of the Soviet Union and the entire world socialist system , the extending of the crisis of world capitalism , the emergent influence of the Communist parties amongst the people , and the ideological bankruptcy of reformism . The potential for the working-class movement have been further comprehensive by the people 's dissatisfaction with the intransigent policy of the imperialists , predominantly the fanning of war obsession and the arms race , the main force of which is borne by the people . More and more people are becoming persuaded that socialism is the only way out of their dilemma and this creates favorable conditions for portraying them into the active struggle against the bourgeoisie . The power of the Communist movement is developed by the achievements of the socialist system , which obviously show socialism 's advantages over capitalism . These achievements encourage the workers in the capitalist countries in their struggle and make them positive in the coming conquest of socialism (Bernard K . Johnpoll , 1994 : 32 . The struggle of the working class for socialism is now shared with the movement of the peoples for peace , national autonomy and democracy , and this is the main specific feature of the working-class movement today . In the struggle for its rights , for democracy and socialism , the working class employs the most varied methods : strikes , demonstrations , meetings , conferences and so on . It as well resorts to parliamentary effort . The traditional type of struggle , the strike , is the most extensively used method in present-day conditions . The truth that the strike movement in the capitalist countries is raising in size and strength rebuts the assertions of bourgeois and reformist scribblers concerning the harmony of the interests of the bourgeoisie and the working class . The demands of the workers , it must be noted , go beyond merely economic bounds and obtain a political character . The working class and its revolutionary vanguard , the Marxist parties , direct their major blow at the capitalist monopolies , the embankment of reaction and aggression , which bear direct accountability for the arms race and the hard lot of the working people . Basically , Marx concept of Communist revolutionary action is essential to his whole theoretical project . The revelation of communism provided Marx with a unique vantage point from which to explore social development and to take the social arrangements of nineteenth-century Europe as simply a transitory phase in a revolutionary historical process . There can be no denying the significant insights into contemporary capitalism generated from this academic starting point , many of which retain modern-day validity . However , it is one thing to examine an existing social and another to intend strategies for building up a new one . Generally , Marx evaded detailed s of the "future society " that would materialize "after " the Communist revolution more particularly , he refused to see communism as subject to this type of time-bound reasoning . Yet Marx did however take it upon himself rather frequently to propose real strategies for furthering the communist movement . Believing that his communist theorizing was simply a reflection of the continuing process of liberated human labor coming into consciousness of it , Marx did not dither to articulate what he felt were "the line of march , the conditions , and the ultimate general results of the Communist movement (Marx and Engels , 1967 :497 . While Marx conceives of labor as a potentially time excelling force , he nevertheless denies that labor as it is at present constituted can free humanity from domination . Simply in the process of Communist revolution itself does the laboring class regain its potential for liberally creative communal life . Indeed , Marx presents two wholly incompatible visions of political action--the first evolutionary , the second apocalyptic . Marx 's evolutionary political strategy recognizes linear historical time as binding on the Communist revolutionary struggle and counsel 's persistence in to make gradual progress within presented bourgeois institutions . Marx 's apocalyptic political strategy calls for an instantaneous break with human "prehistory " through a revolutionary conquer , not simply of bourgeois society , but of rational time constraints on human action . This disagreement is already obvious in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts , where it is expressed as an obvious dualism in Marx 's attitude toward the working class itself . The working class , as the class formed exclusively by the contemporary economic organization of labor , is for Marx theoretically the key power for the overcoming of human repression . But Marx is eccentrically ambiguous about the character of the working class as it currently exists , under the constraints of temporal economic laws . At first , Marx seems to claim that the effect of labor in contemporary industrial settings is to obliterate all possibility of communist sovereignty "It is true that labor produces wonderful things for the rich--but for the worker it produces privation . It produces palaces--but for the worker , hovels . It produces beauty--but for the worker , deformity . It replaces labor by machines , but it throws one section of the workers back to a barbarous type of labor , and it turns the other section into a machine . It produces intelligence--but for the worker stupidity , cretinism (Marx , 1844 : 273 . But later in the same work , Marx describes the mutual association of the existing proletariat as a herald of communist freedom in Weberian terms , as a united charismatic agent : When communist artisans associate with one another , theory , propaganda , etc , is their first end . But at the same time , as a result of this association , they acquire a new need--the need for society--and what appears as a means becomes an end . In this practical process the most splendid results are to be observed whenever French socialist workers are seen together . Such things as smoking , drinking , eating , etc . are no longer means of contact or means that bring them together . Association , society , and conversation , which again have association as its end , are enough for them the brotherhood of man is no mere phrase with them , but a fact of life , and the nobility of man shines upon us from their work-hardened bodies (Marx , 1844 : 313 . In the first passage , workers are represented as automatons trapped ever more and inevitably in productive slavery in the second , they are portrayed as understanding their potential , here and now , to concretize the "brotherhood of man " That Marx never quite determined between these two understandings of his own argument is obvious in his differing pronouncements about revolutionary strategy in capitalist Europe . In some writings , Marx places the ongoing emergence of Communist power in austerely time bound , historical terms . Thus , in the 1859 preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy , Marx denies the independent role of "will " and "consciousness " in changing the social : In the social production of their existence , men inevitably enter into definite relations , which are independent of their will , namely relations of production appropriate to a given stage of development of their material forces of production . The...