motivation theory

Running head : PROFESSIONAL VERSION OF MOTIVATION : CAMPS ARE DIVIDED

Professional Version of Motivation : Camps are Divided

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Introduction

While motivation is regarded as the real driving engine of every action of all living beings , there is considerable differences among the theorists about its mechanism , especially when it comes to explore the possibility to bring out the best out in persons through imbibing motivational ideas or through promising tangible rewards to them . Both the ideas have proven track record , which have generated two camps of followers of

either intrinsic or extrinsic motivation . This can happen to any issue , but this motivation holds far more significance than many as it is now regarded as the prime tool towards handling gearing up human resource amid the fiercely competitive environment of globalization process . Therefore , this delves deep into the past theories presented in the professional literature with special emphasis on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation , before coming into its own conclusion

Fundamental Theories of Motivation

Dr . William G . Huitt , psychologist and counselor , tried to encompass the issue of motivation with least of words in 2001 , which went like below

It is an internal state or condition that activates behavior and gives it direction

It is desire or want that energizes and directs goal-oriented behavior

It is an influence of needs and desires on the intensity and direction of behavior (Huitt , 2001

However , one cannot do without mentioning Maslow 's Hierarchy of Needs Alderfer 's ERG Theory , McClelland 's Acquire Needs Theory or Herzberg 's Two Factor Theory while talking about motivation theories

Theory 1 : Hierarchy of Needs . Abraham Maslow (1908-1970 ) had provided an outline of human needs by dividing them into five broad-based categories as below

1 . Physiological Needs : Air , Water , Nourishment and Sleep - these are the basic needs and it 's only after meeting this need , humans can look towards sustenance , and thus arrives the need like Safety need

2 . Safety Needs : This need involves issues of safety in every sphere of living , and a satisfactory state of this need enables humans to satiate their next need , Social Need

3 . Social Needs : Socialization forms a sense of belonging , which paves the way for seeking to attain the next need , i .e , Esteem Need

4 . Esteem Needs : This need makes humans focusing on recognition and social status to enjoy self-respect and sense of achievement

5 . Self-actualization : At this stage delve deep within and keep on discovering oneself from many perspective both on mental and physical plane to find their moments of profound happiness (Maslow 's , 2008

Theory 2 : ERG Theory . Clayton Alderfer had presented an improvised version of Maslow 's Model with added flexibility by redistributing Maslow 's elements into three segments like

Existence (E ) - It involves physiological and safety needs

Relatedness (R ) - It contains social and external esteem needs

Growth (G ) - Self-actualization and internal esteem needs (ERG , 2007

Clayton 's model had allowed to set the of needs according to the existing need structure of any human...