motivation theory analysis

Table of contents

TOC \o "1-3 " \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc7 " Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc7 \h 1

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc8 " 1 . Introduction PAGEREF _Toc8 \h 2

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc9 " 2 . General framework PAGEREF _Toc9 \h 2

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc0 " 3 . Deficiencies PAGEREF _Toc0 \h 3

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc1 " 3 .1 . Deficiencies of Maslow 's Hierarchy of Needs PAGEREF _Toc1 \h 3

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc2 " 3 .2 . Deficiencies of Mcgregor 's Theory X and Y PAGEREF _Toc2 \h 5

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc3 " 3 .3 . Deficiencies of Herzberg

's Two Factor Theory PAGEREF _Toc3 \h 6

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4 " 4 . Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc4 \h 6

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc5 " 5 . References PAGEREF _Toc5 \h 8 Executive Summary

This the main purpose of this report to demonstrate deficiencies of some motivation theories that were developed in the early stage of management dimension . It aims to remind managers do not apply those theories blindly in the modern management . There are two main components are involved in this , General framework and Deficiencies of theories

First part is General framework introduces the meaning of motivation . It consists of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation . Intrinsic motivation is from inside of employee , e .g . self-actualisation . Extrinsic motivation is from outside of employee such as monetary reward

In the General framework , there are 3 motivation theories are describe Maslow 's Hierarchy of Needs contains 5 level of needs , physiological safety , social , esteem and self-actualisation . Mcgregor 's Theory X and Y , Theory X describe employees as oversize children who need to be coerced to act and Theory Y treats employees as adult who can view work as nature . Herzberg 's Two-factor Theory divides motivation into two dimensions , Hygiene factors can satisfy employee and prevent job dissatisfaction but can not lead to higher performance Motivation factors can motivate employee into higher performance like job position promotion

Deficiencies of these theories are in second part of this report . In the research , Maslow 's theory is found that the process models of motivation are less prescriptive because Maslow fails to consider key elements of human motivation . Maslow 's concept of self-actualisation was based on a uniquely American concept of the individual and etc

The Deficiencies of Mcgregor 's Theory X and Y can be concludes as Firstly , it has outdated . Mcgregor 's study was too early and organisations have changed a lot . Secondly , Michael and William (2003 have provided persuasive evidence against that Theory Y is better than Theory X . They use new organisations as example to support their point of view . Lastly , Theory Y is proved as invalid in reality , large organisation like HSBC and Merrill Lynch are the fact which tells the truth

Finally , Herzber 's Two factor Theory is stated to be outdated as well since the career path and job is different to 1950s Additionally , Herzber 's Theory is shown that it does not allow for individual unique responses to motivation or hygiene factors , and it consains the relatively explicit assumption that happy and satisfied workers produce more...