`Is motivation really possible?` Critically discuss this statement with evidence.

p These researches implied that motivation affects the behavior of people The flow theory concluded that there is a state of equilibrium between the amount of challenge in activities and an individual 's capabilities People feel bored when their perceived skills exceed their opportunities for using them they become anxious when they believe that challenges exceed capabilities . Flow can vary intensity , with the critical variable being the ratio of challenge to skill . The portrayed relations presumably hold for peak as well as everyday experiences (Csikszentmihalyi , 2003

Intrinsic and Extrinsic theory

Deci

Ryan believes that intrinsic and extrinsic motivational forces govern behavior . Extrinsic forces are preprogrammed biologically (e .g food , sleep ) or derive from the reward structure in which the individual is socialized (money , prestige . Intrinsic forces grow out of the individual 's belief that a given outcome is worth striving for (Deci Ryan , 2001

Deci and his colleagues (Rigby , Deci , Patrick Ryan , 2002 ) have recently conceptualized motivation along both intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions . Intrinsic motivation concerns activities that are autotelic - engaged in for their own sake - which by definition are self-determined . Extrinsic motivation involves a progression from behaviors that originally were extrinsically motivated but became internalized and now are self-determined . The first level includes what Deci and his colleagues call external regulation . In their research they cited the example that students initially may not want to work on math but do to obtain teacher rewards and avoid punishment . There is very little self-determination in this situation . At the next level of extrinsic motivation , students may engage in a task (e .g , study for an exam . Deci and his colleagues call this introjected regulation because the source of motivation is internal (feelings of should ' ought guilt ) to the person but not self-determined since these feelings seem to be controlling the person...