global warming

GLOBAL WARMING

Introduction

Global warming is defined as the gradual increase of the temperature of the earth 's lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution . The temperature of the atmosphere near the earth 's surface is warmed through a natural process called the greenhouse effect . Visible , shortwave light comes from the sun to the earth , passing unimpeded through a blanket of thermal , or greenhouse gases composed largely of water vapor , carbon dioxide , methane , nitrous oxide , and ozone . Infrared radiation reflects off the planet

's surface toward space but does not easily pass through the thermal blanket . Some of it is trapped and reflected downward , keeping the planet at an average temperature suitable to life , about 60 ?F (16 ?C

Explanation

Since global warming appeared during the last decade as a serious environmental issue , it has been the subject of a lot of debate . But there are many questions about global warming , from its causes to its full effects . Growth in industry , agriculture , and transportation since the Industrial Revolution has produced additional quantities of the natural greenhouse gases plus chlorofluorocarbons and other gases augmenting the thermal blanket . It is generally accepted that this increase in the quantity of greenhouse gases is trapping more heat and increasing global temperatures , making a process that has been beneficial to life potentially disruptive and harmful . During the 20th cent , the atmospheric temperature rose 1 .1 ?F (0 .6 ?C , and sea level rose several inches . Some projected , longer-term results of global warming include melting of polar ice , with a resulting rise in sea level and coastal flooding disruption of drinking water supplies dependent on snow melts profound changes in agriculture due to climate change extinction of species as ecological niches disappear more frequent tropical storms and an increased incidence of tropical diseases

Among factors that may be contributing to global warming are the burning of coal and petroleum products (sources of carbon dioxide , methane nitrous oxide , ozone deforestation , which increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere methane gas released in animal waste and increased cattle production , which contributes to deforestation methane production , and use of fossil fuels

Much of the debate surrounding global warming has centered on the accuracy of scientific predictions concerning future warming . To predict global climatic trends , climatologists accumulate large historical databases and use them to create computerized models that simulate the earth 's climate . The validity of these models has been a subject of controversy . Skeptics say that the climate is too complicated to be accurately modeled , and that there are too many unknowns . Some also question whether the observed climate changes might simply represent normal fluctuations in global temperature . theless , for some time there has been general agreement that at least part of the observed warming is the result of human activity , and that the problem needs to be addressed . In 1992 , at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development , over 150 nations signed a binding declaration on the...