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| Type of paper: | Essay |
| Subject area: | Education Theories |
| Academic level: | College |
| Style: | APA |
| Size: | 31.0 kB |
| Word count: |
1313 words/5 pages
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| Mark awarded: |  |
| Author: | Catina Ewing |
| Date submitted: | 2008-11-21 22:17:24 |
| Rating/Votes count: |
5.00 / 4
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| Tags: | children, say, century, lesson, reading, comprehension, Learning, Kierkegaard, Erlbaum Associates, Vella, Duke University, Stahl, Duke Corporate, Desensitization, Sharrer |
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THE EFFECTS OF ORAL AND SILENT READING TO CHILDREN Reading fluency is recognized as an essential requirement for reading competency among students . It has been described that the capacity to efficiently and effectively read is necessary in reading comprehension . Recent surveys among 4th grade children revealed that less than half of the students assessed showed difficulty in reading and comprehension (NRP , 2000 . It has thus been determined that children need to learn methods in reading fluency , regardless of how intelligent a child is , or else these students will remain reading at a slow pace and will keep on experiencing hardship during reading sessions for the rest of their lives . Fluency in reading is described as the capacity to read with continuous attention and focus , as well as simplicity and relaxation at tolerable reading speed , mainly depending on the grade level of the student . More importantly , fluency in reading is strongly associated with an excellent grasp or comprehension of the reading material . It is therefore interesting to determine whether oral reading results in a different degree of reading fluency among children , from that of silent reading . Such investigation may provide information that is essential for the understanding of mechanisms for reading comprehension among young students . The study will also provide specifics on the role of both oral and silent reading in the development of a child 's reading comprehension . Oral reading involves reading with expression to the listener and , in terms of grade school children , involves a teacher reading with different pitches or tones , representing each character in the storybook . Oral reading directly shows that the words that are printed in books and other reading material are the major media of language and communication among individuals . Though oral reading may be the best method of telling stories to very young children , there are also consequences that are related to this type of reading . Hence , educational institutions campaign for a balance between oral and silent reading in order to generate a well-formed reading capability in the developing child . Significant differences are observed between oral and silent reading . In oral reading , the reader 's attention is focused on the words that are printed in the material , instead of on understanding the story or message of the material . In addition , oral reading is generally associated with rapid eye or oculo-motor movements , more than the observed amount of eye movement during silent reading (Solan , 2001 . Such difference in the amount of eye movement results in a greater susceptibility for children to experience wandering eyes during oral reading . Such feature is not beneficial in any type of reading fluency and is actually a disadvantage to a child (Orfield , 2001 . Recently , it has been observed that students show a significant decrease in binocular coordination and visual acuity when they perform oral reading . This was not observed among students who followed a silent reading exercise . Such difference in visual performance affects the children 's reading comprehension because oral reading commonly results in eye fixations which may be simply... |
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