Paper Topic:
discuss the statement` the advantages imparted by resin addition to conventional glass ionomers outweigh the disadvantages`
: discuss the statement` the advantages imparted by resin addition to conventional glass ionomer outweigh the disadvantages` p Specifications : 10 Pages , 11 Sources , Oxford Style : language use global references and not just American literature Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC ) is created when ion-leachable calcium alumino-silicate glass powder that contains fluoride reacts with polyalkenoic acid . Recently , the use of GIC has been extensive in dentistry as it can be modified by combining it with several substances and the properties can be further enhanced . GIC cement was initially developed by Wilson and Kent in
England in the year 1972 (Graig , 2002 When created earlier , the GIC was not an aesthetic material and did not have any translucency . It was utilized to full only small class V abrasive lesions . It was slowly modified and can be used in several clinical processes such as luting , as a lining and a base , etc . GIC has certain unique properties that may not be present in any other material It helps to conserve the tooth structure and it directly bonds with the tooth . The GIC cement directly bonds to the dentine present in the tooth . It helps to remineralise caries and hence can be utilized by preserving the tooth material . The GIC cement slowly releases fluoride over a long-period . This property of GIC can also be utilized in caries prevention and in patient 's having a high-risk of developing caries (Mount , 1998 . The powder present in the resin-modified GIC cement is somewhat similar to the conventional GIC 's . The liquid contains monomers and polymers to ensure the strength of the GIC cement is increased (Graig , 2002
The GIC cement has usually two components , a powder and a liquid . The powder is a ion-leachable alumina-silicate glass . The liquid contains polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid dissolved in water . During the setting reaction Aluminium ions and calcium ions are released by the glass and polymers release acid groups . The setting reaction takes place slowly and results in the formation of a cross-linked gel matrix Aluminium ions may be exchanged slowly in the gel matrix which helps to strengthen it . This process occurs very slowly until the final set The calcium present in the gel matrix may combine with the exposed GIC cement bonds using both diffusion an the adsorption phenomenon (Mount 1998 . When the freshly cut tooth surface is smeared with GIC , the polyalkenoic acid plays a very important role in initiating adhesion The carboxyl ions present in the acid displaces the phosphate ions present in the apatite crystals . The Calcium phosphate-polyalkenoate crystalline complex formed at the interface of the tooth surface and the GIC material plays a very important role in bonding . This phenomenon is frequently-known as diffusion based adhesion (Mount , 1998 . When the intermediate complex phase is subjected to acid etching , it was more resistant to etching than the other portions of the tooth . When forces were applied to debond the restoration to the tooth , the complex phase formed was left behind . The carboxyl group of...
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