discuss the role and involvement of senior management in determining and executing information system strategy in a large organisation

A connection becomes very rigid when customized code is rooted in an application . These codes need to be changed or rewritten if a change is to be brought in the underlying application . Whereas web services do not require any change or rewritten and thus it is very easier for companies to use all the applications without bringing any change to the layer of interface (Hagel III 2002

Conventional wisdom is that managerial communication is important Managers should "manage by walking around (Peters and Waterman 1982 and informal communication is the means by

which organizations function Of course , communication by itself is not enough . The sharing of knowledge is a different process than managerial communication . Shared knowledge goes beyond the basic informational level . There is a need for this deeper form of interaction "One can brief a reluctant manager endlessly without accomplishing anything , unless one comes to realize his hidden resistances and strives to bring them up to consciousness in some way (Churchman and Schainblatt 1965 ,

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A first step in going beyond the informational briefing stage of the IS-line relationship is to build a common language . Shared knowledge must be expressed in words or symbols that are common to the social domain of both groups . Such a shared language can facilitate knowledge transfer as well as create a positive social influence process . IS and line managers must develop an appreciation and understanding of the other 's environment rather than merely sharing information and translating technical and procedural terms (Cooprider 1990 . That is communication is only a means to and facilitator of shared knowledge . We define shared knowledge as an understanding and appreciation among IS and line managers for the technologies and processes that affect their mutual performance

Appreciation among groups is characterized by sensitivity to the frames of reference...