in comparing african countries, as aids epidemic increases, it will affect the countries economy

Running Head : AIDS EPIDEMIC INCREASE AND AFRICAN COUNTRIES ECONOMIES

AIDS Epidemic Increase And African Countries Economies

[Name of the Writer]

[Name of the Institution]

AIDS Epidemic Increase And African Countries Economies

Thesis statement

Increase in AIDS Epidemic in African Countries and its effect on Economies

Introduction

The countries of the developing world most seriously affected by AIDS thus far are in sub-Saharan Africa . Accordingly , much of the social research on AIDS in the developing world is concerned with Africa , as is much of the research reviewed in this

chapter . But many of the behavior patterns described and the conclusions reached apply elsewhere

AIDS is primarily a sexually transmitted disease , and the escalating epidemics in the developing world are principally the result of sexual encounters with an infected partner . In all countries AIDS is also transmitted by the use of contaminated needles in intravenous drug injections , by blood transfusions of infected blood , and perinatally from infected mothers to their unborn children . But sexual transmission is everywhere the predominant mode , and , internationally , heterosexual transmission accounts for some 70 percent of all new AIDS cases (Mann et al . 1992 :33

In the regions of Asia , Latin America , and sub-Saharan Africa , one of three different modes of sexual transmission of the AIDS virus predominates--although all modes occur with some frequency in all three regions . In Asia , prostitution plays the key role in Latin America homosexual and bisexual behavior and in Africa , heterosexual transmission

The majority of African countries are experiencing a serious economic crisis . That crisis , though showing signs of moderation in some countries , has resulted in development eluding most of the others , with far-reaching negative consequences on their populaces . When there is no development , there is hopelessness and where there is hopelessness there is no effort to work toward development . The circle becomes complete and reinforcing

Unfortunately , in most of Africa , the economic crisis has made life an endless series of vicious circles that are now spreading economic suffering in a concentrated fashion . The economic crisis in Africa represents a historical tragedy , and the historical evidence now suggests that such a crisis need not have occurred . Despite some views to the contrary , the overwhelming opinion is that this economic crisis is primarily the inevitable outcome of the failure of postindependence development policy formulation and implementation in the majority of the African countries

In most of Africa , postindependence development policy was formulated through a statist ideological framework , which was then implemented by experimentation . Moreover , some , if not all , of the countries had to contend with an adverse international economic environment . That combination produced disastrous results . Among other things , poverty and socioeconomic inequalities increased , the external debt burden became heavier , the brain drain intensified , capital flight deepened , the balance of payments weakened , the physical infrastructure deteriorated unemployment and crime escalated , famine and malnutrition became more pronounced , budget deficits soared , agricultural productivity declined urbanization burgeoned , environmental degradation expanded , political and civil strife worsened , and corruption became more rampant

These disastrous development results were , in turn , the...