chemistry

Chemical concepts

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All over the world , there is a huge cry to conserve fuel and reduce the emission of carbon

dioxide . Many governments have been working on locating newer sources of energy . Bio fuel is

one of the alternate source . This is generate from Biomass , a waste which is generally disposed

off . This Biomass has great recycle value and it can be turned into useful sources of energy like

electricity , gas etc . There are many ways to convert Bio mass into Bio fuel . These are

Conversion of

Pyrolsys to char , bio-crude or gas , by BIG 's process

Gasification of Biomass to gas , and subsequent conversion to alkanes or methanol , by

BILL process

Hydrolysis of Bio mass to sugars and their fermentation , by Logen 's process

The basic chemical principle involved is that lignocellulose conversion This alternate source of

energy can be produced at the same or lesser cost as compared to that of the conventional fuels (Lange Jean-Paul

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Every substance has atoms . Each atom has electrons in it , which are distributed around the

nucleus at different energy levels . Each level is called a shell . The maximum number of electrons

in an orbit is given by the formula 2n^2 , where `n `stands for the first , second , third .n th orbit

from the nucleus (DR . Fazlul Haq ) Electronic configuration gives rise to valence electrons

which is the base of all chemical reactions and bonds . Atomic valence enables an atom to take

part in chemical reaction and form new substances . From an economic point of view , electronic

configuration is the very basic principle of all types of production The advance level

implications of electronic configuration can be seen in the development of nuclear chemistry

The destructive or the constructive economic impact of nuclear energy can be attributed to the

basic principle of electronic configuration of atoms .References

1 . Lange Jean-Paul , The Chemistry and Economics of Lignocellulose conversion , Retrieved

on 4 September 07 , from

br Dr ,Fazlul Haq , Basic chemical principles , University if Sydney Retrieved on 4 Sept 07

from : References

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