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Chapter Summary

The term interpreting ' is often and somewhat unfairly , regarded as a subset of translation . In fact it is an ancient translational activity which predates the invention of writing and written translation . The word is derived from the Latin term interpres ' which denotes explaining the meaning ' or making sense ' of what others have difficulty understanding . Its most distinguishing feature is its immediacy , since a first and final rendition is produced just once . Over time it has historically been defined according to various social contexts and institutional settings , so that we

have , for example terms like legal , business and diplomatic interpreting with their own particular conventions . There have always also been one to one interpreting scenarios such as those evident in immigrant families where children interpret for their parents in the language of the new country The more official settings have had more influence on modern usage so that the word nowadays usually has connotations of a professional activity that requires special skills . There is a wide spectrum of activities which are defined as interpreting . These may involve special equipment such as booths and microphones , telephones or even video screens . The languages may be either spoken or signed , and there may or may not be time allowed for note-taking and reflection between the first and second language rendition . There are also relay interpreting situations which use a third language as an intermediary . Interpreting can be one to one , or one to a group , both formal and informal . Most of the...

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