business leadership2

Motivation

In psychology , motivation refers to the initiation , direction , intensity and persistence of behavior . Motivation is a temporal and dynamic state that should not be confused with personality or emotion which are more stable and permanent . In simple words , motivation is having the desire and willingness to do something . This drive to achieve something is usually what drives an individual to conduct actions which result in the realization of that aim . Experts have been studying human behavior for a long time and come up with many theories regarding motivation and how a

br workforce can be better motivated in rode to ultimately help an organization achieve its goals . Some of these theories like Maslow 's need hierarchy and Herzberg 's two factor theory are the more famous ones . Other theories however are simpler yet effective in stating what motivation is and how it can be achieved

Many times , we students feel a lack of motivation during our studies . I believe this is mainly due to the fact that the Expectancy theory is playing its effect . Although it can be argued that being a learning exercise , participants in team projects are not required to have the training of an expert worker , the problem usually arises when a person at the same level as us is made the leader . Job s , despite of having clear goals are not usually well defined . Secondly , the rewards are mostly intangible . There are two kinds of motivation

Intrinsic motivation occurs when people are internally motivated to do something because it either brings them pleasure , they think it is important , or they feel that what they are learning is morally significant

Extrinsic motivation comes into play when a student is compelled to do something or act a certain way because of factors external to him or her (like money or good grades

Thus motivation here is rather intrinsic than extrinsic (Deci Ryan 1985 ) if seen from an individuals perspective . This causes a huge variation between team members as to what they feel are the rewards they will get out of the task . Some see it as an opportunity to learn , some to improve their grade and some just see it as a requirement that needs to be fulfilled in to clear the course (extrinsic . This extrinsic motivation can also be seen as a result of the surrounding environment due to which a student is `forced ' to conduct a task

Motivation in education can have several effects on how students learn and their behavior towards subject matter (Ormond , 2003 . It can

Direct behavior toward particular goals

Lead to increased effort and energy

Increase initiation of , and persistence in , activities

Enhance cognitive processing

Determine what consequences are reinforcing

Lead to improved performance

Another good theory that can be effective here is the Goal-setting theory . Goal-setting theory is based on the notion that individuals sometimes have a drive to reach a clearly defined end state . Often , this end state is a reward in itself . A goal 's efficiency is affected...