Women in the work place and the glass ceiling

Running Head : GLASS CEILING

Literature Review : Glass Ceiling

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In this particular literature review , the focus of discussion is on the occurrence of the glass ceiling effect . The central focus of this literature review is on the xistence of the said phenomenon in the organizations . Likewise , it is seen that there are several women who have rose to the ranks and showed the world that the glass ceiling effect is not in existence through the

achievements to them Lastly , it is shown that discrimination in the workplace exists for both the male and the female employees

The Glass Ceiling Effect

The glass ceiling ' as a term , first came into existence in 1986 as coined by Carol Hymowitz and Timothy Schellhardt (Chamberlain , 2001 . It is used in characterizing the invisible barrier ' that does not allow the women in the organizations to join and occupy the top jobs in the corporate world in the USA (Chamberlain , 2001 . The factors that are considered in the said report made by the two authors , entitled Special report on the Corporate Women ' which are corporate tradition and prejudice (Chamberlain , 2001 ,

. 396

The term has evolved and today , it is formally defined as the artificial barriers , based on attitudinal or organizational bias , that prevent qualified individuals from advancing upward within their organization into management level positions (as cited in Kimmel 2000 ,

. 186 . In this particular concept...