Paper Topic:

Wake Turbulence

Running head : Wake turbulence

Wake Turbulence

Author Name

Institutional Affiliation TOC \o "1-5 " \h \z \u Abstract

On 1969 , the Federal Aviation Administration conducted a program to provide more information on wake turbulence and wake vortices . The results confirmed that wake turbulence and wake vortices are real flying hazards . These hazards became clearer on flying safety as well as on passengers safety . Aircraft characteristics as weight and wingspan and climate changes of wind , air pressure and air density alter wake turbulence . Avoidance of wake turbulence is the joint responsibility of

br air traffic controllers and pilots . Scientific research to develop better sensors and electronic equipment to detect wake turbulence will help in avoidance of wake turbulence . The scope of this thesis is to spotlight the meaning of wake turbulence , the mechanisms of formation the hazards and how to avoid them .Introduction

On November 12 , 2001 , American Airline flight 587 and Airbus A300-600 crashed minutes after taking off from Kennedy international Airport . The accident resulted in killing 250 passengers . This accident revived attention to the problem of wake turbulence (NTSB Aircraft Accident Report . A wake is the region of turbulence immediately behind a solid body running in air or fluid . It is the result of the flow of air or fluid around that body . In every day life , one notices turbulence on many occasions . When flies a kite on the beach facing the wind , the way the kite flies in the air becomes unsteady as it suffers turbulence . On air travel , one usually hears the word turbulence associated with fastening seat belts (Vector May-June , 2006

There is no universally accepted definition of the word turbulence , but it can be described as a dised behavior of fluid or air in space and time . Turbulent motion is a difficult subject in physics and science and has a wide range of applications (Vector May-June 2006

Wake turbulence has several types among which , wing tip vortex and jet wash are the most important . Jet wash points to the huge amounts of rapidly moving gases coming out of the jet engines . It is turbulent yet for a short time . Wake vortex is the dangerous part as it stays in air for few minutes after the passage of an airplane (Vector May-June 2006

The aim of the present work is to discuss , briefly , mechanisms , hazards and local weather effects on wake turbulence and how to avoid hazards of wake turbulence

Wake turbulence : What does it mean

All aircrafts in flight create wake turbulence , the heavier the plane the stronger the turbulence . International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO used wake turbulence to describe the effect of two rotating air masses produced behind the wing tips of a big aircraft . Wake vortex (vortices ) describes the nature of air masses (ICAO Document 9426 November 2000

Wake vortices are two counter rotating air masses . They are generated when the airplane takes off the ground and fade away when it touches the ground again . The wake vortex circulation is upward , outward and around the...

14 pages

70.0 KB

Free sing-up