Paper Topic:

Vaccine(pros&cons)

Introduction

Vaccination also called as Immunization , is the process of providing immunity against a disease by a introducing a substance called a vaccine into the body . A vaccine is a preparation of living or dead organisms However , in common usage the term vaccine ' includes toxoids . Toxoids are poisons produced by microorganisms . They are weakened or inactivated by adding chemicals such as formalin , acetone , or phenol . Toxoids are used to provide immunity against diphtheria , whooping cough (pertussis tetanus (lockjaw , and other diseases

In many countries vaccination against certain disease is compulsory . In

br most parts of the United States , state or local laws require school children to be vaccinated against certain disease before they begin school . The federal government makes various kinds of vaccinations compulsory for immigrants , persons serving in the armed forces , and persons returning from countries where such diseases as cholera are known to exist . Some persons , however , oppose vaccination , mainly on religious grounds

Discussion

History

The first vaccine was developed to fight smallpox . In the late 1700 's Edward Jenner , an English physician , noticed that smallpox did not seem to affect milkmaids who handled cattle infected with cowpox . However blister like sores , similar to those of smallpox , appeared on their hands . In 1796 , Jenner inoculated 8-year old James Phipps with cowpox germs obtained from such a sore . Jenner later inoculated the boy with smallpox germs , but the disease did not develop . Jenner published his findings in 1798

When vaccinations were first practiced many mistakes were made . Some persons were...

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