Tools and Techniques Presentation

Tools and Techniques in Decision Making

Decision making and problem solving are essential in our daily life as well as in organization . Problem solving requires a lot of decision making . Hence , it is vital in management and leadership . There are processes , tools and techniques to improve decision-making and quality choices

Problem-solving and decision-making are interrelated . It involves creativity in identifying and developing options

One of the earliest models of the creative process was attributed to Graham Wallas

In 1926 , he proposed that creative thinking proceeds through four phases . These

four phases are as follows

Preparation - it involves definition , observation , and studying the issues or problems

Incubation - setting time frame

Illumination - encompasses moment when new ideas transpire

Verification - engaging the idea

In 1988 , Torrance emphasizes that Wallas ' model is the basis for most of the creative thinking training programs available today . The inclusion of incubation followed by illumination in the said model explains why many authors view creative thinking as a subconscious mental process that cannot be directed

The concept of creative thinking begins with purposeful preparation and ends with critical verification . Thus , indicates that creative and analytical thinking are complementary to each other . Creative thinkers study and analyze problems as well as the possible solutions . They are trained to view things differently that other people might miss viewing This is reflected to varying degrees in other models of creativity

Many authors believed that good decision-making entails combination of skills as follows

a ) creative development and identification of options

b ) clarity...