Paper Topic:

Theory and Practice of Supervision

RUNING HEAD : THEORY AND PRACTICE OF SUPERVISION

Theory and Practice of Supervision

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Executive summary

There are a number of interpretations of the word supervision , but normally supervision involves the activities performed by supervisors in overseeing the productivity and development of employees who account directly to the supervisor . For instance , a first-level supervisor will supervise entry-level employees . Regarding the extent of an organization , middle-managers will supervise first-level supervisors while chief executives will supervise the middle-managers , etc . thus supervision is a managing activity and

supervisors have management roles in an organization (Rue and Byars , 2006

Occasionally , authors will exchange leadership ' and supervision However , both activities are very much related . Supervision needs leadership . But leadership do not essentially have to entail supervision . Different theories and model have been put across t explain the various approaches used by supervisors and their role in an organization . This study will examine the theories and functions performed by supervisors in an organization or any other set up

Kadushin 's theory of supervision

Alfred Kadushin 's discusses theory of supervision in social work which he draws back to previous works of John Dawson (1926 ) who outlined the functions of supervision as follows

Administrative : the supervisor has a role of promoting and maintaining good standards of work , co-ordinating practice with policies of management , the guaranteeing of efficient and smooth-running office

Educational : a supervisor has to ensure educational advancement of every individual worker on the organization in a way calculated to stir up his /her entirely to realize his /her potential of usefulness

Supportive : the upholding of harmonious working relations in an organisation , the promotion of organization spirit (Kadushin , 1992

In addition to that , Salaman (1995 ) argues that supervisors should be concerned about both learning and performance of workers . The critically managerial aspects of supervisor s ' work is their duty to monitor and improve the work of other workers . Their managerial efficiency is determined through their capability to improve others work . If supervisors are unable to offer this contribution to an organization then the will not be performing their duty , and thus they will not be adding any value to the organization . The only definitive justification of supervisors ' existence in an organization is the enhancement of their subordinates ' work . If supervisors fail in this way they fail as supervisors

In this manner supervisors are expect to build up relationships and working environments that enable workers to work collectively and respond to any changes . Such collective performance ' entails having common objectives , common values , right structures , and continuous training and development (Marken Payne , 1987

However there are some circumstances where these three elements are not all there . For instance , an organization might have fallen into a strong duty orientation with a specific worker . Which is quite common , thus a supervisor may possibly focus somewhat too strongly on supportive side theless , is good to think about the three elements as interlinked or overlapping with each other

Supposing one element is removed then the process becomes possibly...

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