Paper Topic:

System Devlopment Cycle

System development life cycle

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Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC

It is the overall process which outlines the formal and logical steps that should be followed in information system development (Stylusinc 2006 . The stages vary widely according to the SDLC model used but generally include

Terms of Reference (TOR ) - this is the initial stage and it involves identification and definition of the problem from client 's point of view

Feasibility Study and Project planning- this phase involves an investigation / study through operational

, technical , economic , and social feasibilities to determine whether or not the project is worthwhile and implementable . Technical feasibility determines whether the proposed system can be implemented given current technology while operational feasibility determines whether the system can be integrated with the current system or interfaces

Economic feasibility entails cost- benefit analysis to determine whether production of the system will profit the company . Social feasibility determines the impact of the system to employees . The result of the study is a report recommending whether to proceed with other phases or not . If the answer is yes , then project planning is done which establishes high- level plan / schedule and project goals

Requirements engineering- focuses on user requirements elicitation analysis , validation , specification , and management (Stylusinc , 2006 Elicitation activities entails gathering requirements from users of the system using techniques like interviews , questionnaires , observations document analysis , structured walkthroughs , data and process modeling and prototyping

After a thorough and complete elicitation process , the gathered requirements are analyzed , priorities established , grouped , and validated to ensure they are consistent , complete , unambiguous , and correct and that any stakeholder conflicts are resolved through consensus reviews . Specification involves translating the user and system requirements to system requirements specification (SRS ) document .These requirements must be managed for consistency . Management involves developing a requirements management plan and setting a change management method to track and maintain changes to requirements through development and maintenance phase . A requirements traceability matrix is used for tracing and changing the SRS document by individual requirements tracking techniques

System Design- involves translating the requirements into system design that can easily be implemented (Russell Kay , 2002 . A high level design contains screen layouts , business rules and process diagrams (e .g . Data Flow Diagrams (DFD ) and Entity- Relationship (E-R ) diagrams (SmartDraw 2007 . An Object- Oriented design is a detailed design with flow charts and pseodocode

Implementation- the actual problem solution and is basically translating the design into system code . High Level programming Languages (HLL 's are used to generate code . Object- Oriented HLL 's are mostly applied such as C , VB , VB .net , Java , and C . Scripting languages can also be used such as Active Server Pages (ASP , and Php

Integration and Testing- Today , software projects are divided into smaller , easily managed components . This phase is concerned with testing each component separately to ensure it is correct and conforms to specified user requirements . The modules are then integrated (using top- down or bottom- up integration techniques , integration tested , and the whole system tested to check its...

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