Summarize and compare the agruments regarding `farmed and naturally bred salmon of the same species vis-a-vis the Endangered Species Act and evaluate and explain your opinion regarding the issue of applying the Endangered Species Act to when a native spec

Running head : FARMED VS . NATURALLY BRED SALMON OF THE SAME SPECIES

Arguments For and Against Farmed vs . Naturally Bred Salmon of the Same Species

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Arguments For and Against Farmed vs . Naturally Bred Salmon of the Same Species

Introduction

Since the beginning of 2002 , the American ecologists have been obsessed with the need to decide , whether hatchery fish could replenish the natural fish populations under the treat of extinction . The public debate for and against the hatchery and genetically modified fish has

br brought both parties of the issue to the court . The proponents and opponents of hatchery fish based their arguments on Endangered Species Act of 1973 . The Act requires determining the critical habitat of the endangered or threatened species on the basis of the best available scientific evidence . However , neither proponents nor opponents of hatchery fish seem to be satisfied with the current situation . The problem is in that science lacks evident proofs for either safety or threats of hatchery or genetically modified fish and their impact on the wild fish populations

On February 4 , 2002 , Sam Howe Verhovek published his article in the New York Times . The article referred to the problems of natural fish populations in Pacific Northeast waters , and the solutions which hatchery fish could offer to the local natural environment and the farmers "Because the wild and hatchery salmon are of the same species they are at the heart of a legal battle over the issue of extinction (Verhovek , 2002 . The debate stemmed from the inability to determine the exact legal and environmental boundaries for protecting the wild salmon in Oregon coastal range . Verhovek (2002 ) was very objective in his evaluation , and the central question of his journalistic research was "what is the difference between wild fish and hatchery ones " Six years have passed , but this question still lacks proper and scientifically grounded answer . The Oregon case to which Verhovek (2002 ) referred has generated the need for Bush administration to re-consider and review all state listings for the endangered groups of Pacific salmon and steelhead (Verhovek , 2002 . Simultaneously , the lack of the reasonable boundaries for fish protection has led to the misbalance between nature and economic needs of the local population : farmers of the Klamath River Basin were denied the right for irrigation . Endangered Species Act of 1973 has not led the parties to any agreement , and the debate has smoothly grown to touch the issues of genetically modified fish

U .S . faults on assessing altered fish and "only wild fish matter in endangered count

Endangered Species Act has lost its relevance in the new age of genetically modified plants and species . The essence of the Act is in determining "whether any species is an endangered species or a threatened species because of any of the following factors (A ) the present or threatened destruction , modification , or curtailment of its habitat or range (B ) overutilization for commercial , recreational scientific , or educational purposes , etc (ESA , 1973 . On the one hand we...