Stroop Effect

Analysis of Stroop Effect on

Color Identification

and

Word Orientation

INTRODUCTION

In recognizing things , our brain functions in a certain amount of time The message which our senses collect are absorbed and interpreted by the brain . Stoop Effect is a phenomenon which illustrates visual difficulty in attending two aspects of an object . This can be illustrated in a Stroop experiment where the subject is said to occur if the subject takes longer time and making more errors in identifying a particular stimulus

In a Stroop experiment , a person

is subjected to identify the ink colors of the words that they can see . These words are printed two set of conditions . In the congruent condition , the names are similar with the ink colors (e .g . the word "red " is printed in red ink . In the incongruent condition , the word is printed in a different color (e .g the word "red " is printed in blue ink . The Stroop effect is said to occur if the subject takes longer time and making more errors in indentifying the ink colors in the incongruent condition

One way to illustrate the Stroop effect is by comparing two subjects based from their responses to a similar test . Each participant is subjected to identify the color of the ink in which each stimulus word is presented . Upon seeing a word , the participant responds according to the corresponding color of the ink in which the word is printed Simultaneously , as the participant reads the word , there is a tendency to make a naming response that corresponds to the word per se . When the participant has no difficulty in both color-naming response and the word-naming response , it only indicates an excellent response on both categories . When the two responses do not agree , conflict occurs because the word naming response is incompatible with the color naming response There is a Stroop effect if the participant is observed to be slow in naming the word and erroneous response . If the explanation is correct then this manipulation should reduce the Stroop effect because the two responses no longer compete for control of the same effector

It is hypothesized that both mean Stroop scores for incongruent and congruent condition to be positive since Stroop effect is expected to occur . The mean number of errors and mean response time for Standard Stroop should be greater in the incongruent than in the congruent condition . The positive result reflects the interference produced from the incongruency between ink color and color name . In the backward condition , participants should be able to ignore the backward color names . The interference effect should thus be minimal and smaller in this condition than in the standard condition .Taken together we are expecting a positive Stroop score thats greater than the backwards Stroop score . Backward orientation of the word and incongruence of colors would be a more difficult task for the subject . Prior work suggests that , in to read words that are presented backwards participants will first have to transform them into...