Social Change

SOCIAL CHANGE (May 2008

INTRODUCTION

Change is a continuous phenomenon that is bound to take place as far as there is time variation . There is nothing as constant as change . Change in social setting which result in the difference in way of social lives and the exhibition of social phenomenon is constant , especially as the society continues to experiences civilization and changes in technology and telecommunication and ways of living

The human society is governed with rules , ethics and values in every human activity . Thus , the pattern of changes and response

to theses changes is what interest the sociologist in the study of social change Model , et al (1976 ) The study of social change , in the gerontological perspective , should be appealing as it suggests the inexorable but variable process of replacement , which the social demographer has identified as a main feature of social metabolism ' pg 2 . Therefore social change is a vicissitude that brings about replacement of social process and social actions

Two publications would be utilized in analyzing social change and its effects in the larger society

SOCIAL CHANGE AND TRANSITION TO ADULTHOOD

In their article tilted Social Change and Transitions to adulthood in Historical Perspective , publish in the Journal of Family History , John Model , Frank F . Furstenberg , Jr , and Theodore Hershberg , looked at the effect of social change to the transition of a child to adulthood . The social system where human habits is characterized by a transition which is sharply demarcated , highly regulated and carefully coordinated , while social members come of age . Social change gives rise to a set of conventions for moving individuals in and out of social patterns . The major role of social change in this regards is captured in two social metabolic process that are distinct and having empirically overlapping processes . These include , `allocation ' process , which involve the role assignment and exchange process seen from the structural point of view The second is the `socialization ' process , which involves the motivation and instruction of role occupants in the society . This involves how learning process is passed from one generation to another in the society

The way a child learns from the society is analyze in the social learning and cognitive theories

KEY VARIABLES OF THE CHILD LEARNING PROCESS

The social learning theory explains human behavior in terms of continues reciprocal interaction between cognitive behavioral , an environmental influences (Bandura , 1977 . This learning process contribute in the adaptation to social changes and enables the continuity of social activities and actions . The Social Learning Theory evolves under the umbrella of behaviorism , which is a cluster of psychological theories intended to explain why people and animals behave the way that they do (Stone , 1998 . The component processes underlying observational learning are

Attention , including modeled events ( distinctiveness , affective valence , complexity , prevalence , functional values ) and observer characteristics ( sensory capacities , arousal level , perceptual set past reinforcement

Retention , including symbolic coding , cognitive organization , symbolic rehearsal , motor rehearsal

Motor reproduction , including physical capabilities , self- observation of reproduction , accuracy of feedback , and

Motivation , including external , vicarious...