Self Efficacy, Sociology and Psychology w6 a3

Running Head : Self Efficacy , Sociology and Psychology

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The cognitive perspective of personality is based on the idea that people are who they are , not only because of the way they think but also because of the way they attend to , perceive , analyze , interpret , encode and retrieve information . People tend to have habitual thinking patterns , which are characterized as their personality .However in specific areas , the cognitive theory broadens to consider the social dimension or how interaction with others affect the mind and thought

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This is referred to as social cognitive learning or the social learning theory . Social learning and social cognitive theories expand on behaviorist conditioning principles such as social rewards , punishments and modeling . This implies that we have drives that are learned by experience

While social learning expands on behavioral principles , it also fills in gaps that behaviorism does not address motivation , emotion and cognitive . Observational learning occurs when individuals observe and imitate another person 's behavior . Bandura cite four components of observational learning attention , retention , motor reproduction and motivation . Individuals cannot learn much by observation unless they perceive and attend to the significant features of the modeled behavior

Bandura used the term self-efficacy to refer to people 's belief that they can successfully perform a specific action in a situation with an unpredictable outcome . Self efficacy in other words is a person 's belief about their competence in a particular situation self efficacy is acquired through

Experiences : Previous success and failure in attempted goals are the most important regulators of self efficacy

Vicarious experiences : When you witness the successes and failures of others , you are provided with information that you can use as a basis for comparing your own competence in similar situations

Verbal persuasion : Being told by others that you can or cannot competently perform a particular behavior can lead to an increase or decrease in self efficacy

Emotional arousal : The degree and quality of the emotional arousal you experience when engaging in specific behavior in a particular situation also influences levels of self-efficacy

The concept of self-efficacy applies to my cousin Wendy . This is particularly about marriage . Successes build a robust belief in one 's personal self-efficacy . Failures undermine it especially if failures occur before a sense of efficacy is firmly established . Wendy got married at an early age . She had had easy successes and so she expected her marriage to be successful from the start . She was discouraged and feels like a failure . A resilient sense of efficacy requires experience in overcoming obstacles through perseverant effort . Wendy had not had this experience before

Bad experience is also another factor that makes Wendy have low self-efficacy . Her mother also had a failed marriage and so her attitude towards marriage is negative and she thinks she can never have a good marriage

The impact of modeling on perceived self efficacy is strongly influenced by perceived similarity of the models . Modeling influences do more than provide a social standard against which to...