Selected Nursing Philosophies and Theories

Running Head : Nursing Philosophies and Theories

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Caring in nursing has received a lot of scholarly effort . A lot of theory starts from the premise that the central concept of nursing is caring . The theory of nursing as Caring is presented by Boykin and Schoenhofer is grounded in several assumptions which are that persons are caring by virtue of their humanness , persons are whole or complete in the moment , personhood is living life grounded in caring , personhood is enhanced by participating in nurturing relationships with caring

br others . The theory also holds that nursing is a profession and and a discipline at the same time (Boykin and Schoenhofer , 1993 . Their theory presents the notion of person as complete or whole

Watson 's theory of human care views nursing as a human science whose major focus is the process of caring for individuals . The theory is based on humanism and metaphysics (a philosophy of knowing and being The goal of nursing as defined by Watson 's theory is to help people get a higher degree of harmony with the body , mind and soul . Watson maintains that the goal is achieved through caring transactions . She describes ten carative (as opposed to curative ) factors which include sensitivity to others and self , helping-trusting , human care relationship , expression of negative and positive feelings transpersonal teaching and learning , supportive , protective and /corrective mental , physical , societal and spiritual environments existential-phenomenological spiritual forces , human needs assistance and creative problem solving processes (Watson , 1979 Watson , 1985

The...