Project Management

Abstract

Projects have a definite beginning and a definite end . A project may end due to multiple reasons project objective have been achieved , there is evidence that project objectives will not or cannot be met or simply that the need for project does not exist . This presents some of the different reasons for the project to end

Outline

Project Definition

Classification of Project End

Addition

Starvation

Integration

Extinction

High Level Business Consideration

Common Classifications for the way Projects End

A project is a temporary endeavor

undertaken to create a unique product , service or result ' because of strategic consideration such as market demand , organizational need , customer request and /or technological advancement . Temporary implies that the project has a definite beginning and a definite end (Project Management Institute 2004 ,

. 5 ,7 . There are multiple ways in which projects can end , the four common classification found in the literature for project endings are Addition , Starvation , Integration ' and Extinction (Heldman , Baca Jansen , 2005 (cited in Richman , 2006 . Each of these project endings are described in detail below

Termination by Addition

When projects advance into normal operations and become a new business unit or project line then the project is considered to be terminated due to addition . The assets and resources maybe moved from the project to the business (Heldman , Baca Jansen , 2005 (cited in Richman , 2006

An enterprise resource planning (ERP ) system integrates all areas of the business . A project would be required to implement such a system for a business . However , once the system is implemented and working for the business a separate business unit would be required for ongoing operations , maintenance , and monitoring of the software . The project would end and be considered terminated due to addition (Heldman , Baca Jansen , 2005

Termination by Starvation

If prior to the completion of the project requirement , resources , such as equipment and supplies , money or human resources are removed from the project , the project is said to have terminated by starvation Starvation could happen because of customer restraining the budget being reduced or a key resource quits (Heldman , Baca Jansen 2005 (cited in Richman , 2006

Termination by Integration

Termination by integration occurs when the project resources such as equipment and supplies , money or human resources are removed from the project and moved to other areas of the business or to other projects which have become more significant (Heldman , Baca Jansen , 2005 (cited in Richman , 2006

The main difference between project termination due to starvation and integration is that in the former the resources are reassigned or redeployed whereas in the latter funds or resources are cut (Heldman Baca Jansen , 2005

Termination by Extinction

Projects that come to an end either because they have been completed project goals and stakeholder requirements have been met (Heldman , Baca Jansen , 2005 ) or have been unsuccessful and failed to meet user requirements (cited in Richman , 2006 ) are said to have been terminated by extinction

Fifth reason for a project termination could be high level business considerations such as...