Principles of Management BUS. 200

Process Theories of Motivation

In this theory we shall concentrate on the psychological process and on basic needs . We analyze staff perceptions in the working environment Theorists like Guest stated that the process theory of motivation is a better and more practical approach than Maslow and Herzberg prepositions . This theory entails the expectancy theory , goal theory and equity theory

The expectancy theory is based on the premise that one action will lead to another . Therefore employee motivation is based on past experiences and their behavior to new situations will be based

on such experiences

Latham and Locke goal theory comprises that motivation is enhanced when specific attainable goals are set , which are communicated properly to staff and appropriate feedback is provided on their performance

The equity theory relies on how employees perceive they are treated as compared with their colleagues . This theory is a comparative process stating that motivation stems from managers treating staff equitably

Content Theories of Motivation

The principle of this theory consists that an unsatisfied need stimulates tension and state of disequilibrium in a person . This theory was developed by Maslow who created the hierarchy of needs that guides personality . Other theories of need were proposed like that of Alderfer , but Maslow 's hierarchy of needs remained the most influential Maslow 's hierarchy suggested that there five main need categories that apply to individuals . The first most basic need is physiological , going up to safety , social , esteem and self-actualization . He stated that once a need is reached , the worker will no longer pay attention for the one met , but will strive for the other one , showing the need for room of promotion and growth in an organization

Reference

Armstrong M (2005 . Human Resource Management Practice . Ninth Edition . United States of America : Kogan Page Limited

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THEORIES OF MOTIVATION...