Presentation on Epilepsy

EPILEPSY Your Name Goes Here

EPILEPSY

COURSE INFORMATION

DATE THAT YOU WISH EPILEPSY : AN INTRODUCTION First written work on epilepsy 400 BCE On the Sacred Disease By Hippocrates Hippocrates recognized that epilepsy was a natural disease and not supernatural (Hippocrates 400 BCE ,

. 1 In1486 two Dominican friars write The Malleus Maleficarum . In this work they state that epilepsy can be given as a curse by a witch (Kramer Sprenger 1486 EPILEPSY : AN INTRODUCTION 1859 - 1906 . Three English physicians , including John Hughlings Jackson , usher in the modern study

of epilepsy (Schachter 2004 1904 . Medical specialization in epilepsy was termed epileptologist . William Spratling became the first epileptologist in North America (Schachter 2004 EPILEPSY : AN INTRODUCTION 1912 . Phenobarbital is created under the name Luminal (Schachter 2004 1929 . The electroencephalogram is invented (Schachter 2004 1990 . In the twentieth century there were still states that had laws on the books that discriminated against those with epilepsy . To prohibit this and other discrimination , Congress passes the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (Schachter 2004 EPILEPSY : THE DEFINITION Epilepsy , as defined in the American Heritage Stedman 's Medical Dictionary

ep ?i ?lep ?sy (

-l

s ) n Any of various neurological diss characterized by sudden , recurring attacks of motor , sensory , or psychic malfunction with or without loss of consciousness or convulsive seizures ( Epilepsy ' 2007

EPILEPSY : The Meaning of a Seizure

Fisher , et . al . defines a seizure as a transient occurrence of signs and /or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain (Fisher , et . al . 2005 ,

. 470 Signs and Symptoms What does that mean

A Sign ' is an observable , identifiable condition (Stoy , et . al . 2005 ,

.621 .A Symptom ' is a non-observable condition described by the individual (Stoy , et . al . 2005 ,

. 622 EPILEPSY : The Meaning of a Seizure Types of Seizures Two major types of seizures

Focal (or Partial ) Seizures Focal or Partial Seizures occur in a localized part of the brain (Mayo Clinic 2005

Generalized Seizures Generalized seizures are the result of abnormal electrical activity in both hemispheres of the brain (Mayo Clinic 2005

EPILEPSY : The Meaning of a Seizure Partial Seizures Simple Partial Seizures These seizures originate in a small area of the brain . The individual does not lose consciousness (Mayo Clinic 2005

Complex Partial Seizures These also originate is a small area of the brain . In contrast to simple partial seizures , these do result in an altered conscious state (Mayo Clinic 2005

Secondary generalized Seizures These occur when partial seizures spread to involve the rest of the brain (Mayo Clinic 2005 )EPILEPSY : The Meaning of a Seizure Generalized Seizures Tonic-Clonic Seizures Also called grand mal (obsolete . These are the typical seizures that most are familiar with . These cause generalized shaking , unconsciousness , and a post-dictal state (Mayo Clinic 2005

Absence Seizures Also called Petit mal (obsolete . Seizures in which the individual stares , has minor body movements , and brief lapses of lucid thought (Mayo Clinic 2005

Myoclonic Seizures These present as sudden and forceful movements of the arms...