Policy, Regulations and licensing

Policy , Regulations , and Licensing for Nuclear Safety

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Policy , Regulations , and Licensing for Nuclear Safety

One of the energy sources which sustain the global need of electricity for more than a century now is nuclear energy . Approximately , 17 percent of the electricity utilized around the world is generated from nuclear energy ADDIN EN .CITE OECD200513 131317OECD , Organization for Economic Co-operation and

DevelopmentNuclear Energy TodayPolicy BriefPolicy BriefFebruary ht tp /www .nea .fr /html /pub /policybrief-mars2005 .pdf (O . f . E . C .-o . a . D . OECD , 2005 . In United Kingdom , nuclear energy supports the 20 percent of the electricity that country 's population consumes ADDIN EN .CITE BBC2BBC Nuclear Europe : Country guideBBC News2006BBChttp /news .bbc .co .uk /2 /hi /eur ope /4713398 .stm UK (BBC , 2006 . The utilization of nuclear energy as a source of electricity increased in the early 1970s due to the global oil crisis ADDIN EN .CITE OECD200513 131317OECD , Organization for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentNuclear Energy TodayPolicy BriefPolicy BriefFebruary ht tp /www .nea .fr /html /pub /policybrief-mars2005 .pdf (O . f . E . C .-o . a . D . OECD , 2005 . The United Kingdom government has 19 reactors that sums to 11 GWe capacity ADDIN EN .CITE AUA2AUA Australian Uranium AssociationNuclear Power in the United KingdomAustralian Uranium Association2008Janua ry 82007Australian Uranium Associationhttp /www .uic .com .au /ni p84 .htm (AUA 2007 . Though nuclear energy is a good alternative source of electricity , the generation of electricity from this source brought about risks like hazards in human health which is a negative attribute of this energy source

The first ever commercial-scale utilization of nuclear power for electricity in the world occurred in United Kingdom in 1956 . The policy of the government to make nuclear power amongst the sources of electricity started at that time . There was an increase in the utilization of uranium and reprocessing of used fuel for the recovery of fissile materials . But in 1989 the UK government introduced the privatization and deregulation of all nuclear power generation . The construction of new power plants was not supported by the government in the deregulated market . In 2003 to 2005 , the government sold most of its shares in the state-owned British Nuclear Fuels Ltd (BNFL . The shares of UK government on BNFL is now only 30 percent ADDIN EN .CITE AUA2AUA Australian Uranium AssociationNuclear Power in the United KingdomAustralian Uranium Association2008Janua ry 82007Australian Uranium Associationhttp /www .uic .com .au /ni p84 .htm (AUA 2007

Countries and international organizations around the world formulated various regulatory techniques to ensure safety in using nuclear energy The regulatory techniques employed are varied from country to country These regulatory techniques for nuclear safety are the following policies , standards , discharge or disposal of authorization , H S licensing , planning consents , inspection and monitoring , enforcement security or safeguards , and transboundary shipment . Combinations if not all of these aforementioned regulatory techniques are utilized in different countries . The regulatory techniques for...