Observation

Cognitive Development in a Child

According to Jean Piaget , we find that different challenges which enable an individual to develop whereby each stage in our life comes in with a challenge to face and a lesson to learn , therefore failure to overcome the existing challenges in a particular psychological stage , the next stages in our lives will be dearly affected since there would be no lesson to be learned . Jean Piaget comes up with an explanation of the cognitive development stage that outlines a number of psychological stages (Piaget , 1981

In

this case of Sara who is two years old , Piaget states that , the child is undergoing a stage known as the sensorimotor which actually involves the exploration of the child 's physical activities , under this we find that the child 's motor is being developed , whereby the child Starts learning and being able to undertake simple activities like controlling bodily parts and walking . At this stage the child gets to know more about play thus some of them start playing with toys , identifying colors textures and even walking . Here the child is said to have self doubt and therefore he or she should be guided well by the parents or the caretaker . For this reason Sara 's father is said to be not playing his role of guiding his child properly , since at this stage the child is also not able to recognize the meaning of hurting other people , since they do not recognize the presence of other children 's feelings therefore the attempt of him telling Sara that she is hurting others proves to ineffective (Roazen , 1976

At the age of four years Sara undergoes a developmental stage referred to as the preoperational stage which is a level of discovering and exploring new things , the child plays a lot and takes a lot of adventure . However , this stage is characterized by the child being imitative and feeling guilty , therefore this child has reached a stage where the parent should therefore come with a way of satisfy his or her child , though this job of parenting itself is found to be a challenge through which trusting each other while playing , this forms a good relationship of the child with others . The child is therefore , expected to broadened her social perspectives and become more involved with those around her . In this case we find that the child 's desire would have changed into fantasies , thus involving the parents to carryout the balancing of her curiosity to achieve adventures , self expression and even disciplining them so that they grow up having a positive attitude towards life and become more responsible . If this activities are not done the children will definitely develop an association that will prove to be negative thus allowing other people to make decisions for them rather than themselves . This actually indicates that parents and caretakers have a greater role to play in the development of their children (Piaget , 1981

Reference

Crain , W (1985 : Theories of Development , second edition...