ORGANIZATION THEORY

Classification and Relevance

Organizations exist within complex environments , they exist for the simple reason that groups of people can accomplish much more than individuals who work alone . The complexities of collective social mobility and action give rise to the necessity for effective management and leadership . In to fully examine this problem , many theories and techniques attempt to narrowly define the need for organizational classification

Perspective and metaphor

Within the article The Ubiquity of the Technique of Goal Setting in Theories of and Approaches to Employee Motivation ' by Edwin A . Locke

br the author presents the importance of goal setting as a motivating and key factor in organizational theory . The main argument that the offer makes within this article is that goal setting has been recognized whether explicitly or implicitly as a key component of work motivation The unanimous support of goal setting within theories of work motivation and organization stems from a general recognition that rational human action is goal directed . The author attempts to argue within his article that while goal setting has been rejected by major work motivation theories in the past , its implicit importance has forced these schools of thought to change their opinions about the importance of goal setting . The three theories that Locke emphasizes are the Scientific Management and of Management of Objectives , the Human Relations and Expectancy theory , and the Cognitive Growth and Organizational Behavior Modification theory . This article can be classified within the perspective of the Scientific Management and Management by Objectives theory . Its identification with the outward need for goal setting is paralleled within the Scientific Management system that is advocated by its early founder , Frederick W . Taylor Although the Scientific Management theory interprets goal setting as the formation of tasks ' that the worker must complete linearly , its still an explicit support of the concept of goal setting . By arguing that goal setting is one of the major components of worker motivation theory Locke 's predictive theory can be labeled as an affirmation of Taylor 's Scientific Management theory of worker motivation

Summary and Areas of Importance

The emphasis within this article on the importance of goal setting within organizational theory is interesting since it takes a relevant look at the nature of goal setting and the concept of purposeful work The author argues that goal setting takes place within the workplace consistently , and that most employees behave in such a way that they are consciously goal directed because their actions are purposeful . Lock argues his point through a review of three different schools of worker motivation , with each inevitably confirming the importance of goal setting within the context of motivation . The argument that Locke presents is important , because the assumption made within many primary theories argue that social impetus and the desire to belong are strong enough motivating tools to blunt the necessity of task and reward methods of motivation . Through a thorough analysis of the extent of these three theories , Locke shows that despite many attempts at minimizing the importance...