The Neuromuscular Respiratory System

Neuromuscular Respiratory System

Abstract

Respiratory system is member of the vital systems in the body it is true for the components of this system . This system provides an environment to the body where exchange of oxygen and carbondioxid can take place . This way respiratory system maintains the acid base balance in the body

Regulatory mechanisms of this system are also complex . The respiratory system works in two patterns : voluntary and involuntary . So there are different mechanisms for the control of these two patterns . Both the patterns are controlled by different

structures in the central nervous system helped by the peripheral nervous system and components of muscular system . Also , there are two phases of breathing : inspiration and expiration . Different types of muscles are utilized in the two phases of the breathing process

Some receptors are also involved in the regulation of respiratory system . These are either chemical or neural

There are various types of pathological lesions , which affect the functions of neuromuscular respiratory system by disturbing various components of this system right from the higher centers up to the alveoli down in the lungs

Neuromuscular Respiratory System

Introduction

Respiratory system composed of one of the vital organs in the body i .e the lungs . These lungs carry out their activities in maintaining the internal milieu of the body with the help of other connecting and supporting structures . The major function of the lungs is to provide an environment to the body for the oxygenation of blood and elimination of the carbon dioxide . This way lungs also help in maintaining the acid-base balance of the body

The performance of the respiratory system is not on simple lines but it involves multiple players to carry out the appropriate functions at a time when these are required . The whole system controlling this ventilation-perfusion process right from the higher centers up to the alveoli down in the lungs is a complex one which includes : cortex of the brain , brainstem , spinal cord , motor neurons , respiratory muscles , and feedback receptors

Breathing is an active process , which requires muscles to complete the cycle of breathing with the help of neuromuscular control and coordination . In fact , breathing is at times a voluntary phenomenon while at other occasions it is absolutely involuntary and continues automatically . Both voluntary and involuntary breathing episodes are under the control of central nervous system (CNS

Methods

The was explored on the internet , in various books on medicine and published reports . Those documents were selected which were closely related to neuromuscular respiratory anatomy , physiology and pathology

Results

Central Nervous System

Control of Voluntary Breathing

The centers in the parietal region of cerebral cortex are the points of origin for any impulse or signal to control the process of voluntary breathing . These signals travel from the center to the motor neurons in the spinal cord via corticospinal tract , which are specific for the control of voluntary movements and remain separate form those tracts which control involuntary breathing movements (reticulospinal pathways throughout their passage down to the...