Microbiology Question sets

Compare and contrast solution , solvent , and solute . What properties of water make it an effective biological solvent , and how does a molecule like NaCl become dissolved in it

How is the concentration of a solution determined ? What is molarity

Tell me how to make a 1 M solution of NaCl

Answer

A solution is made by the dissolution of substances (solute ) in another substance (solvent ) to form a mixture that is homogenous . An example of this would be a solid dissolving into a liquid like salt or sugar dissolving in water

. Gases may also dissolve into liquids like oxygen and carbon dioxide in water and liquids and gases into themselves . A homogenous mixture is called a solution . A simple solution is basically two substances that can be combined without a chemical reaction . One of them is called the solute . A solute is the substance to be dissolved The other is a solvent . The solvent is the one doing the dissolution

A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid , liquid or gaseous solute resulting in a solution . Solvents are usually clear and colorless liquids and may have an odor . The most common solvent is water

Solvents and solutes can be classified as polar (hydrophilic ) and non-polar (lipophilic . With that in mind polar solvents dissolve polar compounds best and non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar compounds best To remember the difference between solvents and solutes , solutes is the substance that changed phase

When NaCl is added to water it is dissolved and separated into Na and Cl- into solution . Opposites attract , Na is attracted to the negative water molecules and Cl- is attracted to the positive water molecules The salt doesn 't disappear the atoms are simply pulled apart by the water . If the water was to disappear the Na and Cl- atoms would rejoin with each other

The concentration of a solution is determined by the amount of solute in a substance . The weight , volume , or percentage is also used to calculate the solute . The more solute you have in a solution it 's considered strong or concentrated . In a solution where you have very little solute and a larger amount of solvent , it 's considered weak or diluted . Molarity is when moles of solute are divided by the volume of the solution in liter units

To make a 1 M solution of sodium chloride , I would dissolve 58 g of sodium chloride in I litre of pure water

Question 1 : Describe five different ways in which humans exploit microorganisms for our benefit . Make sure answers are at least one page long and include details , approximately 400 words of text

Answer

By decomposition of dead plants and animals , microorganisms help in sanitizing the environment of this organic matter , by this way , dead organisms will be converted to the basic building blocks of life including proteins , fats and water . These building blocks can then be used up for other purposes . In this way , conservation of natural resources is guaranteed

Sewage can be treated...