Maternal Smoking; Risk dring Pregrancy

Running Head : Pregnancy Smoking and the Unborn Child

Pregnancy Smoking and the Unborn Child

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ABSTRACT

This discusses the different effects of smoking to pregnant woman The is divided into three parts . First part of the shows the statistical data available in the United States about smoking . Second part of the discusses the different experiments that had been done by experts to compare the babies that are not exposed to smoking Lastly , the third part of

the shows the other complications of exposure to smoking . A conclusion is also provided in the last part of the Smoking is considered as a habit that had contributed negative effects not only to pregnant women but also to people who are not pregnant . There are two ways of exposure to cigarette smoke . First is the exposure through first hand smoking , where a person inhales the smoke through smoking and the second hand smoking where a person inhales the smoke from the cigarette of another smoker . According to statistics from the Center for Disease Control and Development (CDC (2006 ) from the Women and Tobacco , cigarette had been the cause of death of 178 ,000 Further investigation shows that ninety percent of women who had lung cancers can be attributed to smoking . Women who smoke have an increased risk for diseases such as cancer , coronary heart disease and pulmonary diseases . Looking at the National Statistics from the Center for Disease Control and Development , there is an estimate of 18 .1 of women with ages 18 and above is cigarette smokers . Statistics also show that there is an estimate of 18 pregnant women from the ages of 15 to 44 years

As stated above , smoking does not only involve the first hand smoker but also the second hand smoker . Looking at the statistics from the CDC (2006 , second hand smoke exposure had declined . It was further explained that the levels of cotinine had fallen down by 70 for the years 1988 to 1991 and 2001-2002 . However , even though there has been a decline on the exposure , 126 million non-smoking Americans both children and adult are exposed to this second hand exposure . Children according to the figures from CDC are more exposed than adults . To be exact , 60 of the children in the age bracket of 3 to 11 years old are exposed to second hand smoke

To understand fully the implications on the effect of smoking to the child , an investigation was done by the proponent of the study . There have been several studies that had been made in the past that can further explain the effect of smoking to children . Josephine Thomas had made an experiment regarding the exposure of children to smoking . Based on the report written by Thomas (2000 , the effects that might be experienced by children who were exposed to smoke are infertility coagulation problems , obstetric complications such as extra uterine pregnancy and placenta previa...