Paper Topic:

Manufacturing Industry: A Historical Perspective

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY : A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Long time ago , early humans discovered how to get fibers from wild plants , examples are wild flax , hemp , and nettles . Such fibers could be turned through spinning into thread and eventually made into cloth textiles . People started to weave fabric during the Neolithic Era , a period that began around 8000 b .c . Proof of early weaving comes from fragments of flax fibers found in Switzerland . In several cultures people made cloth without weaving , by pounding sheets of bark to create a soft , flexible textile . The growth of

agriculture led to the domestication of fiber plants , such as cotton , hemp , and flax

At the same time as farmers were creating and discovering new and better methods of agriculture , life in other areas of work had changed little for hundreds of years . Near the beginning of the 18th century , the majority of the population still lived in small , rural settlements Hardly any people lived in towns , as we now know them

The production of textiles calls for the capability to handle fibers spin them into thread , and make cloth from the thread . Cloth can be created in a selection of ways , such as knotting , knitting , and braiding , but the largest part of cloth is made by weaving . More often than not , weaving is done on a loom that holds long threads (called the warp ) under consistent tension so that other threads (the woof or weft can be inserted over and under them . A lot of different types and patterns of weaving are workable , conditional on the fiber used and the composition of the threads . Ancient Egyptians wove their most primitive textiles from flax , which produced linen in southern Europe , the earliest textiles came from wool in China , from silk and in India Peru , and Cambodia , from cotton (Jerde , 1992

A lot of people worked as producers of woolen cloth . The raw material is being cleaned , combed , spun , dyed and wove into cloth . They did this effort in their own houses . This kind of production has become recognized by the general term of the Domestic (or Cottage ) Industry Kadolph Langlord , 1997

Work inside the Cottage Industry was generally divided up between the members of one family . The women and girls were in charge for cleaning the sheep fleeces , carding the wool and spinning it . The procedure of weaving was physically or bodily hard work and , customarily , it was the men who were in charge for it

In general , like clockwork , each hand loom weaver 's cottage was visited by a cloth merchant . He would bring the raw material and carry off the finished cloth to put up for sale at the cloth hall

The moment the new wool arrived , it was washed to clean out all the dirt and natural oil . Henceforward , it was painted or dyed with color and carded . This was the procedure of combing the wool between two parallel pads of nails , until all the fibres were lying the same way

After that , the carded...

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