Malcom X

Leaders and leadership must be truly dynamic : A Malcolm X Case Study

October 6th 2008

Table of contents

TOC \o "1-3 " \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc1 " Introduction PAGEREF _Toc1 \h 4

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc2 " Charisma and Types of Power Conflict Management PAGEREF _Toc2 \h 5

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc3 " McClelland 's Socially Acquired Needs Ethical Development PAGEREF _Toc3 \h 5

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc4 " Management of Diversity in Organizations PAGEREF _Toc4 \h 6

HYPERLINK \l "_Toc5 " Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc5 \h 7 HYPERLINK \l "_Toc6 " References PAGEREF _Toc6 \h 7 Abstract

p Leaders and leadership must be truly dynamic to be effective . This document covers the various aspects of leadership with a view to proving the above statement . My approach is the review of various pieces of literature on the subject . More particularly , I have reviewed a Malcolm X 's autobiography . The career of Malcolm X provides a text for the study of charismatic leadership and an array of management principles necessary for leadership to be effective

The results have proved beyond doubt that indeed leadership and dynamism are not separable . Leaders and leadership must therefore be dynamic for effective leadership

Introduction

The purpose of this is to determine the relationship between leaders , leadership and dynamism . This is in to achieve the highest standards of effectiveness in leadership . This will be done through the review of various literatures on the subject as well as looking at Malcolm X 's personal approach to leadership

Charisma and Types of Power Conflict Management

Charisma refers to a rare trait found in certain human personalities usually including extreme charm and a magnetic quality of personality and appearance along with innate and powerfully sophisticated personal communicability and persuasiveness (Morgan , 1998

Conflict is a natural disagreement resulting from individuals or groups that differ in attitudes , beliefs , values , or needs . It can also originate from past rivalries and personal differences . Other causes of conflict include trying to negotiate before the timing is right or before needed information is available . The ingredients of conflict include needs , perceptions , power , values , feelings and emotions

There are five steps to managing conflict . These are i ) analysis of the conflict ii ) determination of management strategy iii ) pre-negotiation iv ) negotiation v ) post-negotiation . Conflict management strategies include collaboration , compromise , competition , accommodation and avoidance (Carpenter and Kennedy , 1988

During his short career he almost single-handedly increased membership in the Nation of Islam by perhaps a thousand fold , Malcolm X possessed a powerful personal charisma

McClelland 's Socially Acquired Needs Ethical Development

David McClelland proposes that people acquire needs through their life experiences . He uses a Thematic Apperception Test (TAT ) to measure the strengths of three acquired needs : achievement , power , affiliation

Need for Achievement is the desire to do something better or more efficiently , to solve problems , or to master complex tasks . Need for Power is the desire to control other persons , to influence their behavior , or to be responsible for other people

Malcolm X exhibited a dramatic personal development , moving through successive stages until he achieved...