Liquid Chromatographic

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Professor

Subject

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Liquid Chromatography

Introduction

Chromatography is a method of separating mixtures into their respective components (Schroeder 509 . In 1903 , Mikhail Tswett separated plant pigments by passing it through a glass column percolated with petroleum-ether and calcium carbonate (Fifield and Keally 80 . Then , he observed the development of colored zones as the extract permeates into the glass column . Thus , he inferred that the components of the extract were separated into bands of colors due to their different migration rates he coined than the word chroma

' or color ' to this separation technique (Fifield and Keally 80 . Nowadays , liquid chromatography is utilized in both qualitative and quantitative biochemical and pharmaceutical analyses . Chromatographic analysis is done for quality control and shelf-life determination of industrial products , environmental pollutant analysis and monitoring identification of illegal and counterfeit drugs , wastewater analysis and pollutant determination , analysis of illegal drugs in biological samples , pesticide detection in agricultural products , and analysis of biological samples (Betts

Chromatographic Process

In the chromatographic process , the mixture components , carried by the mobile phase or eluent , infiltrate the stationary phase column (Fifield and Keally 81 . Through a high-pressure pump system , the mixture is directed and forced to flow against the stationary phase at the rate of one to two millimeter per minute (Levin . Then , the mobile phase in which the sample is dissolved , passed through the detector which has low volume cell (Levin . Consequently , the mobile phase causes an interaction between the sample constituents and the stationary phase (Levin . Thus , controlling this...