Paper Topic:

Leadership and Organizational Psychology

Running Head : LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

Leadership and Organizational Psychology

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Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB , a discretionary behavior that contribute to organizational effectiveness ( like helping coworkers ) but are not part of an employees formal job , is said to be determined by a number of individual differences and situational determinants (Robbins Judge , 2007 ,

.25 . According to the studies conducted in OB , satisfied employees are more prone to go beyond their call of duty because they want to reciprocate their positive experiences to their co-workers

or customers , in service oriented organizations . They would seem more likely to talk positively about the organization , help others , and go beyond the normal expectations in their job (Robbins Judge , 2007 ,

.25

The most important factor that is believed to be a large contributory to OCB , and in fact identified as its major determinant , is Job Satisfaction . In layman 's term , job satisfaction is simply linked with an employee 's favorable attitude towards his work . It has major facets namely : the work itself , pay , advancement opportunities , supervision and coworkers enjoying the work itself . These factors almost always have the strongest correlation to high levels of overall job satisfaction (Robbins Judge , 2007 ,

.23 . In other words , most people prefer more challenging and stimulating work the predictable and routine ones

Common questions explored by researchers deal with the relationship of pay to job satisfaction . An interesting relationship between salary and job satisfaction reveals a correlation of the two for people who are poor or those who live in poor countries . However , once an individual reaches a level of comfortable living ( in the United States , that occurs at about 40 ,000 a year , depending on the region and family size , the relationship virtually disappears . In fact , findings of one study show that people who earn 80 ,000 are on average , no happier with their jobs than those who earn close to 40 ,000 . This means that overall job satisfaction is not only linked with pay but with other factors as well (Robbins Judge , 2007 ,

.23

One identified area where satisfaction might differ concerns an individual 's personality . Some people are predisposed to like almost anything , and others are unhappy even in the seemingly greatest jobs According to research findings , people who have a negative personality those who tend to be grumpy , critical , and negative , are usually less satisfied with their jobs . One study , using the Neutral Objects Satisfaction Questionnaire , found that nurses who were dissatisfied with the majority of the items on the list were also dissatisfied with their jobs and this is not surprising (Robbins Judge , 2007 ,

.24

The effects of an employee 's satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the workplace manifest when employees like their jobs and when they do not A review of 300 studies suggested that the correlation between job satisfaction and job performance is pretty strong . Moreover , when the organization level was explored by comparing satisfaction and productivity data , results revealed that organizations with more satisfied employees...

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