Introduction to Geographic Information Systems

Introduction to GIS

1 . Why is map design an important consideration when creating maps using a GIS

Every GIS map is created to serve a theme or more . Map elements are arranged in a map to make visualization of complex facts simpler Principles of map projections , map scale , map generalization , map accuracy , symbolization and map composition guide the map maker to create map as per user needs in a cost effective and timely fashion . By map designing process , the map maker determines the required map elements to be included in the

map to accurately convey the purpose in a pleasing manner . Hence map design is an important consideration when creating maps using a GIS

2 . What are the main elements of a map

Main map elements can be broken down into following broad areas

a ) Primary elements : Primary elements set the right perspective of the map . These are map scale which is shown in map in verbal , numeric , or graphic form , direction indicated by a north arrow , legend lists the symbols used in map and explain what they represent and source of facts and figures given the map for their authenticity

b ) Theme related elements : They are directly related to the theme of the information being displayed in the map . Title which tells the theme of the map in exact words and size , projection tells which property (area distance , direction , and shape ) of earth feature is maintained at the cost of the other attributable to the theme of the map...