Paper Topic:

Intro. into American Govt.

Introduction to American Government

Edward Greenberg , the author of Struggle for Democracy book - a textbook on Introduction to American Government - discusses the four common criticisms on bureaucracy , specifically on federal bureaucracy and this is as follows

That the federal bureaucracy is always expanding

That the federal bureaucracy 's operation is wasteful and inefficient most of the time

That the federal bureaucracy is ineffective in carrying out policies and

That the federal bureaucracy always mired in red tape , which also means that bureaucracy is filled with meaningless rules , regulations , and

br standard operating procedures or SOPs

Edward Greenberg also admits that while there is some merit to some of them , for the most part they are either exaggerations or are difficult to prove with certainty , when he was ask whether these criticisms are actually valid or not

The question now about the validity of the criticisms mentioned by Greenberg lies not in his own opinion but in every observations and practices of each American people , especially those who are involved in daily operations of every office , public or private . Bureaucracy basically is created to have a systematic kind of work where coordination through hierarchy and control is

the key principle . It is done for the work to be more rational and organized . Employees are hired most of the times based on qualifications and criteria where applicants are given equal opportunity via civil service examination , and discrimination is most likely not welcome , although in some cases , there are offices that receive political appointees for higher spots in the government like the Department Heads which the President of the United States himself appoints , and those positions are very minimal

On the other hand , the negative side involves less control of the President to the executive branches where specific assignment is given It also means that the implementation of every department 's duty is divided into parts , and the work is tend to be slow and do not attend to the public demands as quick as possible

Back in the question : Are the criticisms valid . The answer is yes It is still valid , suitable , and most appropriate for the government and people who do not want democracy at all . But as long as the country 's practice is democratic state , people would love to trust the President and his colleagues and do his share as a citizen at the same time rather than gossiping and intriguing the validity of bureaucracy It is neither the President nor the people beside him to make the United States of America more secured and economically stable alone moreover it is a duty of every American who has to fight for his own rights freedom , economic growth , and security

R E F E R E N C E

Greenberg , Edward . Chapter 13 : The Federal Bureaucracy ' The Struggle for

Democracy . 1995-2004 . Pearson Longman . 11 Mar . 2007

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