International Politics

Theory of political realism employs a number of categories among which nation state , national interest , power , sovereignity , etc . According to this theory states exist in international system approximating anarchy Under this condition there are no other means to insure security than accumulate resourses convertable into means of pressure on rebellous surrounding . The projection of power - the essential category to Political realism is the only definite measure to achive desired goal As system is set off as insecure the ultimate goal to every state is degree of security , in other words , certainty of

the other state or group of state being in no position to attck the state either alone or in coalition . The means to this end are of diverse nature but what unites them is the conception of power as core to the understanding Real Politik . The apologeth of realism Gans Morgenthau have not consicely defined the notion of Power although circumscribed the kinds of Power , they are : military , economic , diplomatique , spiritual (ideological . Nowdays , structuralism contributed to the emergence of one more kind : structural power . The main feature of the concept is that every other kind of power is tributary with regard to military one and serves its end - the degrre to which the particular , say , economic power may enhance military capabilities in time of war was crucial to the idea of convertability of powers into military might . The major to criterion of structuizing the anarchycal by nature international system was relative military strength of the states , there being Superpowers , Great States , regional states , middle and small states . Within political realism the great importance was attributed to the theory of Alliances for it was only alliances that might redress the interantional Power Balance in favor of several , say , Great States when encountered by one Superstate . The post-Westphalian international system was time for employing the principles of Real Politik when there emerged a number of comparable in power European states who contended the right to moderate the others . The noyion of nation state and national interest is inseparable from the doctrine of realism : nation are deemed as clearly apprehendind so called National inteest which is ultimately of interantional implications and compounded as theoretical concept of a set of theorems : to strive for the maximum level of security , to pursuit the extinction or lavishing and debasement of the rival state , to support the weak state in its struggle with the strong one lest it become even stronger etc . Apprehending national interest nations consciously do project power to achieve a uniform or single goal : to accrue to the level to ones security at the same time imparing the security of the others for security as such is limited - this general postulate was utilized by a theory of Zero Sum Game - a tributary one as to the mainstream realism within which it has developed . Acoording to the relism states are but black pool balls - uniform with regard to their strife , composite and solid - the realism did not mind the internal condition of states...