Paper Topic:

Instruction and Curriculum

Program , Curriculum Development and Instructional Strategies (Name

I . Programs

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /bridges Bridges Learning System : This program uses five step processes involving submit , evaluate , outline , extend , success to develop the students aptitudes and talents that are very important in the classroom through evaluating test results and constructing a pro each student skills and abilities . By then , students ' necessities are known and a particular program will be developed for its learning exercises needs ADDIN EN .CITE Brock20034 443Brock , Bill Bridges Learning Systems (R

)2003Octo ber 6 2007http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms (Brock , 2003

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /cognitively Cognitively-Guided Instruction (CGI : This model is a product of research of students thinking that teachers able to restructure their knowledge and understanding to what the students need . This done through direct-modeling actions , reasoning to the problem , and moving to other strategies that are needed for the improvement of the students ADDIN EN .CITE CarpenterCarpenter , Thomas Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI )2003October 6 2007http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms (Carpenter , 2003

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /fourblocks Four Blocks Literacy : The four blocks represents four different approaches to directed comprehension , self-selected comprehension inscription and working with terms . Through this students don 't just learn , at the same time they provided with the needed instruction according to the personality of the student . These blocks are multi-level depending on the performance and needs of the student ADDIN EN .CITE CunninghamCunningham Patricia Four Blocks Literacy1989Octobe r 6 2007http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms (Cunningham , 1989

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /spalding Spalding Method : This method is a spelling , writing , listening and reading comprehensions . This approach is very effective to both regular and special education ADDIN EN .CITE ChristieChristie Brett teamwork : A collaborative integrative model for increasing student-centered learning in grades K-12Journal of Physical Education Recreation DanceJournal of Physical Education , Recreation Dance15 September 2007 (Christie 2000

II . Curriculum Development and Instructional Strategies

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /cooperative_learn ing " Cooperative Learning : Through optimistic interdependence , driven interaction , and personal responsibility , mutual efforts could be a useful tool to promote the groups ' objectives and success rather than viable and personal efforts ADDIN EN .CITE Stefl-MabryStefl-Mabry , Joette Powers , Jennifer GoodallCollaborative Problem-Based Learning : University and K-12 Partnerships . Knowledge QuestProQuest Education JournalsProQuest Education Journals15 September 2007 (Stefl-Mabry Powers , 2005

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /direct_instructio n " Direct Instruction : Learning is hastened up through comprehensive presentations , ruling out misconceptions , and assisting generalizations Students are properly monitored to evaluate the performance periodically assessed for perceptions and immediately corrected for their errors ADDIN EN .CITE OregonOregon EugeneDirect Instruction2003Oct ober 6 2007http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms (Oregon , 2003

HYPERLINK "http /azk12 .nau .edu /bestpractices /recognizedprograms /mastery Mastery Learning : Learning is centered on the methods of mastering rather than the content but it works best with the conventional substance-centered curriculum through distinct objectives and varieties of instructional techniques and suitable series of results ADDIN EN .CITE UniversityNorthern Arizona University Instructional Strategies...

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