Human genome

Running Head : Human Genome

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Introduction

Human cloning involves the creation of a copy of a human cell or tissue that is genetically identical . The major types of human cloning include reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning (National Human Genome Research Institute , 2009 . Therapeutic cloning involves the use of cells from an adult to be used in medicine while reproductive cloning involves making cloned human beings . Cloning has been done on both animals and plants . When done on plants it has been used to raise genetically

br modified crops

Gene therapy can occur in two forms somatic gene therapy and germline gene therapy . Somatic gene therapy involves removing cells from the patient and adding cloned genes to cells using a viral vector . The cells are amplified and those that have taken up the cloned gene are taken up The transformed cells are then taken back into the patient (see figure 1 . Some of the problems associated with this procedure include transgene integration and immune response killing the viral vector which may be marked as an intruder by the body 's immune system . The procedure has been used in many clinical trials , mainly for treating cancer . The Adeno associated virus is commonly used in this case as it does not cause an immune response , it has the ability to enter non-dividing cells and it integrates into a particular location in the genome of its host (National Human Genome Research Institute , 2009

Germline gene therapy is different from somatic therapy in...