Paper Topic:
U.S.History
Name Professor /Instructor Subject Date The Development of the Western Frontier between 1866 and 1890 The Trans-Mississipi west comprises the region that spans from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains (Client , n . pag . It is estimated to be 1 ,000 miles long from east to west and is about 1 ,500 miles from north to south (Client , n . pag . The Trans-Mississippi west (also known as the Great Plains , the Western Frontier or the prairie ) was inhabited by more than 300 ,000 Native Americans collectively referred to as the
Plains Indians (Client , n . pag
Prior to the Civil War , the Western Frontier was largely unpopulated by pioneers (although it was under the control of the United States government through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 (Client , n pag . Some wagon trains did pass through the area en route to Oregon or California , but these were able to do so unmolested (in sharp contrast to Hollywood films (Client , n . pag . In return , the payment of tributes in the form of clothing , jewelry , metal utensils or other items desired by the tribes was required (Client , n . pag
However , the Homestead Act of 1862 (passed during the Civil War encouraged emigration to the Western Frontier (Client , n . pag Under the act , settlers can avail of a 160-acre parcel of land for a small filing fee worth 10 (Client , n . pag . In addition , they can obtain the full title to the land within five years if they were able to make significant improvements on it (planting crops , building houses raising livestock , etc (Client , n . pag
As a result , homesteaders , miners and ranchers trespassed on Indian lands and threatened the Plains Indians ' hunting and way of life (Client , n . pag . This left the Plains Indians with no other choice but to use armed resistance (Client , n . pag . The hostilities between the Plains Indians and the US Cavalry (called on by the settlers to crush Indian opposition and to confine tribes in government-controlled reservations ) that ensued were eventually called the Western Indian Wars (1866-1890 (Client , n . pag
Despite the attractive terms of the Homestead Act of 1862 , around 60 of emigrants gave up on their homesteads before the end of the five-year period (Client , n . pag . Reasons for doing so included lack of water supply , Indian attacks , harsh winters , soil that was unfit for planting and sometimes-deadly conflicts with ranchers , who saw homesteads as a hindrance to cattle grazing (Client , n . pag
On the other hand , those who remained endured extreme hardships just to survive . They worked very hard under sub-zero winters and summers that often reached more than a hundred degrees Fahrenheit (Client , n pag . Unable to afford houses made of wood , they lived in houses built of sod and dirt (Client , n . pag . They also experienced infestations of locusts , which would eat their crops , as well as the drapes of their houses and their clothing (Client , n . pag...
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