The History of Michigan and the Automobile

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Automobile Industry

The automobile industry produces cars , buses , trucks and other vehicles It

provides billions of dollars in revenue to countries and millions of jobs to people . It has

revolutionized the way people travel , do business and work

The importance of the automobile can be judged from the fact that it has allowed

people to travel and transport goods to any part of the world . It has opened new avenues

for business and commerce . According to MSN

Encarta , auto making is the world 's

largest industry with a production of 58 million vehicles annually

Modern world economies have become dependant upon the mobility which

automobiles offer . This mobility has resulted in greater commerce and contact between

remote areas of the world . The automobile has brought problems like global warming

pollution , accidents , congested traffic , etc but it still remains the major source of

employment worldwide

The automobile is one of humanity 's greatest achievements . It wasn 't created by a

single person . It is estimated that 100 ,000 people ' created the modern automobile

Nicolas Joseph Cugnot designed a military tractor which was used by the French army as

artillery . It was a three wheel vehicle that had to stop for a few minutes to build up steam

Steam Engines powered cars by the creation of steam which expanded and pushed

pistons that turned the crankshaft , which then turned the wheels Because steam engines

were heavy they were never successful for road vehicles . However they enjoyed success

in locomotives . After Cugnot several other inventors designed steam powered vehicles

Oliver Evans was the first person to be granted a patent for a steam powered land

vehicle . Oliver Evans would eventually build the world 's first amphibious vehicle . The

vehicle could travel on land and on water using paddles

Steam powered stagecoaches were used in Britain during the 1820s and 1840s

The 1860s and 1880s saw the design of several steam coaches in the United States

Amedee Bollee Sr designed the La Mancelle ' steam car . The vehicle 's engine was

mounted in the front and the steering wheel was on the vertical shaft The driver 's seat

was behind the engine . A working steam car was built by Dr J .W Carhart and J .I Case

company which won a 200 mile race

Steam engines were not the only engines being used in vehicles . There was also

considerable development in electrical engines . The first electric locomotive was built by

Robert Davidson in 1838 . During the 1840s patents were issued in the United States and

England for electrical rails . Robert Anderson invented a crude and primitive electric

carriage which was powered by cells . Electric cars were heavy , were expensive to repair

and required constant recharging . Electric engines were more successful in tramways

because of the easy supply of electricity

An internal combustion engine is an engine of one or more working cylinders in

which the process of combustion takes place within the cylinders...