History End of Cold War

Cold War

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As a matter of stark reality , immediately after the end of the Second World War , the United States and Soviet Russia emerged as super powers and the war-time alliance between the Western Powers and the Soviet Union was degenerated into a cold war (Ketelbey ,

. 692 . The cold war gradually became a central concern of international politics bifurcating the world into two rival and competing power blocs

Background

of the Cold War

It is a cardinal truth that after World War II , the war-time coalition between the western powers and the USSR was replaced by deteriorating relations between them . The US-Soviet war-time coalition consisted solely of an expedient alignment against a common enemy . However , after the defeat of Germany , opposing perspective and interests were cumulative in the first discreet and then to an open diplomatic conflict (Fleming ,

. 350

On February , 1946 , George F . Kennan , the American ambassador to Moscow dispatched a secret message to the US State Department and urged a rigid policy towards Soviet Russia . The formal declaration of the cold war was made by Winston Churchill through his famous Fulton Speech delivered on 5th March , 1946 , where he declared , No body knows what Soviet Russia . intend to do in the immediate future (qtd . in Paul 276 . He forecasted inevitable struggle against Soviet Russia . The major elements of American cold war posture were developed during the Truman administration

In 1946 , Russia exerted military pressure in Iran and Turkey in to gain special privilege in the use of Dardanelles . In response , Truman dispatched Sixth Fleet into Eastern Mediterranean in a diplomatic pretext . That was the first US military response to a Soviet military threat in the post-war era . Subsequently , Truman Doctrine heralded the era of cold war . The US military assistance to Greece and Turkey and the Marshall Plan intensified the rivalries between the western powers and Soviet bloc . East-West relations were hardened into confrontation and cold war between the winter of 1947-48 and June , 1950 . With Berlin blockade the relations between these two blocs entered into the darkest phase of cold war . The rivalries were at first confined only to Europe But gradually , it spread to other continents - first to Asia , then to the Middle East and finally to Latin America and Africa

Causes of the Cold War

Although cold war is a post-war international development , it is not entirely a new phenomenon . The discord and dispute between the USSR and the western powers were historical and were originated since Bolshevik revolution of 1917 in the former . The major western powers refused to recognize the new communist government and 16 western powers launched a united aggression on the former . Finally , in the year 1933 the USA accorded recognition to it . On the wake of the German attack on Soviet mainland , the later was forced to join the Allied powers and wage war against a common enemy only...