Hepatitis c

Hepatitis C

The hepatitis C virus (HCV ) is a 45nm sized RNA flavivirus divided into 6 main genotypes and more than 50 subtypes ADDIN EN .CITE Choo198939 Apr 21Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A , non-B viral hepatitis genome359-62Chiron Corporation Emeryville , CA 94608 .Choo , Q L .Kuo , G .Weiner , A J .Overby , L . R .Bradley , D W .Houghton M .ScienceAnimalsAntigens Viral geneticsBacteriophage lambda /geneticsDNA genetics /isolation purificationHepatitis Antibodies /analysisHepatitis C immunology /microbiologyHepatitis Viruses genetics /immunologyHepatitis , Viral Human immunologyImmunoblottingNuc

leic Acid HybridizationPan troglodytesProtein BiosynthesisRNA Viral /blood geneticshttp /www .ncbi .nlm .nih .g ov /entrez /query .fcgi ?cmd Retrieve db PubMed dopt Citation li st_uids 2523562 (1 . In 2006 , an estimated number of 123-170 million people were infected with the virus worldwide with highest prevalence in Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean and about 5000 newly infected persons per year only in Canada ADDIN EN .CITE Wong200633 Feb 28Hepatitis C : a review for primary care physicians649-59Centre for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Public Health Agency of Canada and the University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ont tom_wong hc-sc .gc .caWong T .Lee , S S .CmajHIV Infections /complications Hepatitis C /diagnosis /epidemiology /prevention control /therapyHumanshttp /www .ncbi .nlm .nih .gov /entrez /query .fcgi ?cmd Retrieve db PubMed d opt Citation list_uids (2 HCV infection happens mainly parentally (via direct blood contact ) and leads to acute infection after an incubation period of 6 to 8 weeks . At this stage , 60 to 75 of patients are usually asymptotic with sometimes just moderate influenza-like symptoms and 15 to 50 are able to clear the infection . The resting 50 to 85 develop chronic infection and 20 to 30 years after the infection about 2 to 20 suffer severe liver cirrhosis that leads to liver failure or carcinoma and finally death , if the organ cannot be transplanted ADDIN EN .CITE Wong200633 Feb 28Hepatitis C : a review for primary care physicians649-59Centre for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Public Health Agency of Canada and the University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ont tom_wong hc-sc .gc .caWong T .Lee , S S .CmajHIV Infections /complications Hepatitis C /diagnosis /epidemiology /prevention control /therapyHumanshttp /www .ncbi .nlm .nih .gov /entrez /query .fcgi ?cmd Retrieve db PubMed d opt Citation list_uids Nest er8Nester E .W .Anderson , D .Roberts C .Jr .Nester M2007Microbiology - A human perspectiveMcGraw-Hill College52 4 (2 , 3 . The hepatitis C virus has most probably evolved millions of years ago , however this is mainly speculation and we know with certainty only that the different subtypes of HCV originated approximately 200 years ago and the 6 major genotypes about 400 years ago ADDIN EN .CITE Franciscus7Franciscus , A2006A brief history of Hepatitis ChcspFACTsheet2 .01-3http /www .hcvadvocate .org /hepatitis /factshe ets_pdf /Brief_History_HCV_2006 .pdf (4 . In 1957 interferons (the name originates from its ability to interfere with viral replication ) were discovered and at the beginning mainly applied against hepatitis A and B , but it was only in the 1980s that the hepatitis C virus was identified . In 1992 a blood test to eliminate HCV from blood transfusion samples was introduced...