HUMAN TOXIC HAZARD RISK-tobacco smoke

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Toxic Chemical

Introduction

Experts are unanimous about the harm caused by smoking or inhaling tobacco fumes from any source . Secondhand smoke is given off by a tobacco product that is burning and also includes the smoke exhaled by the person smoking . It contains more than 50 chemicals that are reported to cause cancer in animals or humans . People are exposed to second hand smoke in various settings for example in cars , homes , workplaces and public places for example restaurants , bars as well as recreational

br settings . In USA , most secondhand smoke is gotten from cigars cigarettes , pipes as well as other numerous tobacco products

Discussion

Secondhand smoke exposures are usually measured by testing the chemicals in the tobacco smoke as well as indoor air for nicotine Exposures can also be tested through measuring the levels of cotinine in the nonsmokers ' saliva , blood or urine . Cotinine , nicotine , carbon monoxide as well as other related chemicals have always been found in body fluids of the nonsmokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke . Among all the 4 ,000 chemicals which have been identified in tobacco smoke around 250 are detrimental for example carbon monoxide , ammonia and hydrogen cyanide (National Toxicology Program , 2005

Nicotine and cigarette smoke are among the most studied toxicants . When tobacco smoke is inhaled , nicotine enters the body and is absorbed into the bloodstream from the lungs (National Toxicology Program , 2005 . Upon absorption , nicotine is broken down into cotinine , a metabolite which serves as the biomarker for...