Group Work

Running Head : LEARNING PROCESS

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Learning Process

Learning can be said to be change in behaviour (Rosenshine , 1995 There are four learning theories that have been used to define learning or explain exactly what it is . These are the behaviorist approach , the cognitive approach , the humanistic approach and lastly the social or situational approach to learning

The behavioral approach included several scientists Pavlor , Watson Tolman , Skinner and others . They were grouped under the behavioural approach because they viewed learning as change in

behavior . They believed that if behavior change did not occur , no learning took place The locus of leaning was a stimulus in the external environment . The role of the educator was to create an atmosphere that would elicit desired response or behaviour . The students were to change behaviour to a desired one after being taught

The cognitive school consisted of people such as Piaget , Bruner , Gagne Kohler and the like . These viewed learning as an internal mental process and change in behavior was internal and not an outside show like the behaviourists saw . Learning involved information processing . The locus of learning was the internal cognitive structure . Students who learn this way develop a capacity to learn better . They learn how to learn

The humanists like Maslow , Rogers viewed learning as a personal act to fulfill a certain goal or reach a certain potential . This leads to a student who engages in self directed learning . The believed that students learnt so they can satisfy burning ambitions . For example artists normally have a desire to draw and they pursue this goal to its fullest

When a teacher assigns homework , he is hoping that the students will apply what they have learnt to answer the questions . The teacher is concerned about whether learning has taken place and this she will judge from the answers the students will give

Modern psychologists claim that there are three types of learning Cognitive learning which involves acquiring knowledge or mental skills There is the affective leaning which involves developing attitudes of way of looking at things and there is the psychomotor learning which involves gaining physical or manual skills . The modern psychologists look for at learning in three domains simultaneously and not like the old day psychologists who believed learning affected only a certain part of a person . The modern learning process is more accurate as we shall see below

A modern psychologist called Bloom contributed to the learning process with his Bloom Taxonomy on learning . His taxonomy was geared at helping teachers to create a curriculum that would incorporate all the relevant issues . His taxonomy had five things that Bloom said would guide teachers to write learning objectives that were measurable

Bloom 's Taxonomy is a classification of types of learning . He claimed that there were four types of learning i .e . knowledge , which involves the remembering of information . Secondly is comprehension which involves explaining the meaning of the information . Then there is application which involves using knowledge acquired in...