General philosophy of Protective Relaying

Running head : General Philosophy of Protective Relaying

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Philosophy of Protective Relaying

Generally , protective relaying systems are designed and installed based on the philosophy of ensuring dependability and security , within power supply structures . As such , the systems are constructed on the basis of 6 design purposes , namely : maintaining dynamic constancy reducing apparatus outage times reducing or preventing equipment damage reducing systems outage area permitting constant flow of electric power in equipment emergency ratings and reducing system voltage interruptions

To effectively benefit

from system interconnections , economy , use of huge generator sizes , power pooling within Electrical High Voltage schemes , and protective relaying structures should clear all errors besides ensuring security , reliability , and speed

Regarding speed , protective relaying installations quickly clear damaged power system elements so as to effectively manage short circuit damages as well as repair delays and costs . Conversely , reliability ensures that the relaying or relay system performs correctly , always striving to achieve 100 efficiency

Reliability calls for the protective relay system to demonstrate availability , selectivity , and sensitivity . Selectivity refers to the system 's capacity to detect faults , thus tripping the lowest number of circuit breakers so as to correct the error . Conversely , sensitivity ensures that relays are adequately responsive , thus functioning under the lowest expected conditions . Availability - which is enhanced by using static relays and components as well as increasing equipment quantity - denotes the system 's accessibility when its input is required

Security refers to the capacity of the relay system to identify and ignore false...